Resumen

GUAMAN ILVAY, Oscar Jhonathan et al. Population structure and genetic diversity of a small population of Montbéliarde dairy cattle in Ecuador. Siembra [online]. 2025, vol.12, n.1, e7131. ISSN 2477-8850.  https://doi.org/10.29166/siembra.v12i1.7131.

In Ecuador, the Montbéliarde Association has been using absorption crossbreeding methods to obtain purebred cattle offspring, due to the difficulties of importing embryos, and the high costs of other options. This study aimed to analyze the genetic diversity and structure of the registered population. We used data from the Montbéliarde Association, consisting of 1,794 animals (210 bulls and 1,584 cows). The database was divided into historical, current, and reference groups. Genetic structure and diversity parameters were analyzed, complemented by a gene origin probability analysis. The calculations were carried out using the ENDOG program. The genetic structure and diversity of the Montbéliarde population showed adequate values to develop a genetic improvement plan, which would have a promising future if more comprehensive breeding policies were implemented.

Palabras clave : historical analysis; inbreeding; small population genetics; Montbéliarde; pedigree.