Resumen

CEVALLOS-VIVAR, Fabián  y  CEVALLOS, Sofía. Flag and pluri-nation: The case of Pachakutik in the subversion of the Ecuadorian state. Íconos [online]. 2025, n.82, pp.205-224. ISSN 1390-8065.  https://doi.org/10.17141/iconos.82.2025.6237.

In this article, we analyze the counter-hegemonic use of the Pachakutik flag to understand historiographical debates regarding the nation-state and plurinational state dichotomy in Ecuador. Our hypothesis is that the use of the multicolored flag would not only better represent the internal diversity of plurinationality, but would also be a technology of political pressure, which enables, at the same time, a process of disidentification of the development model, of state borders, and of the idea of fatherland itself. After a brief historical-conceptual overview of the struggles for self-determination of the Ecuadorian Indigenous movement, we propose to examine this process through the use of theoretical tools collected through bibliographical work and archival research. Both elements relate to the decolonization of the monocultural state and to the contestation of internal colonialism in which the emergence of the concept of Pachakutik is complemented by the materialization of the flag. One of the final considerations of this paper is that the post-constituent moment that Ecuador is going through, product of the historical struggle of the Indigenous, peasant, and Afro-descendant peoples, is overloaded with a counter-revolution that is legal in nature and strongly touches the epistemological and symbolic spheres of the nation.

Palabras clave : self-determination; flag; decolonization of the state; Pachakutik; plurinationality; Indigenous peoples..

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