Resumo

MARTINEZ, Oscar et al. Oxidation of Low-Density Polyethylene, Expanded Polystyrene, and Oxo-Biodegradable Plastics by Galleria mellonella. Rev Politéc. (Quito) [online]. 2025, vol.56, n.2, pp.19-28. ISSN 2477-8990.  https://doi.org/10.33333/rp.vol56n2.02.

Plastic polymers are common in various activities, but their contamination poses a serious health hazard to animals, people, and the environment. Additionally, the accumulation of plastic waste in the environment is a growing concern. Therefore, the purpose of this research was to evaluate the ability of Galleria mellonella larvae to biodegrade low-density polyethylene (LDPE), expanded polystyrene (EPS) and oxo-biodegradable plastics. The experiment design involved placing the larvae in Petri dishes containing pre-cut and weighed samples of the different polymers to calculate the degree of consumption, at temperatures of 25 °C and 33 °C. Scanning electron microscopy was applied to observe the LDPE film and oxo-biodegradable plastics in detail. Infrared spectrometry was also used to identify traces of the different components resulting from the larvae's digestion and to observe changes in the chemical structure of the polymers. Chemical tests for the presence of glycols were conducted. The larvae's consumption was most effective at 25 °C. Through microscopy analysis and infrared techniques, physical and chemical changes were confirmed. However, the glycol test was unable to determine the presence of ethylene glycol, as it was positive in all samples, including the controls. Each of these results serves as a foundation for redirecting future research and exploring the full potential of G. mellonella larvae in polyethylene biodegradation.

Palavras-chave : Biodegradation; infrared spectroscopy; level of consumption; electronic microscopy; oxidation; polymers.

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