<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>2602-8484</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[FIGEMPA: Investigación y Desarrollo]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Figempa]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>2602-8484</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad Central de Ecuador ]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S2602-84842019000100032</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.29166/revfigurav1i1.1402</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Fabricación de material biodegradable a base de polímeros termoplásticos combinados con fibras cortas de lino]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Manufacture of biodegradable material based on thermoplastic polymers combined with short flax fibers]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Calderón Freire]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Edisson Fernando]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Torres Gallegos]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Luis]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ortega Espín]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Andrés]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Escuela Superior Politécnica de Chimborazo. Riobamba  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Ecuador</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Central del Ecuador. Quito  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Ecuador</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,Instituto Tecnológico Superior Central Técnico. Quito  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Ecuador</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2019</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2019</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>7</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<fpage>32</fpage>
<lpage>38</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.senescyt.gob.ec/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S2602-84842019000100032&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.senescyt.gob.ec/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S2602-84842019000100032&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.senescyt.gob.ec/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S2602-84842019000100032&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen El presente estudio analiza las características y los parámetros necesarios para la fabricación de un material compuesto biodegradable mediante los procesos de extrusión, trituración e inyección con el fin de optimizar las propiedades mecánicas del material compuesto obtenido. Los polímeros termoplásticos utilizados como matriz polimérica son el ácido poli láctico (PLA), el Poli (3-hidroxibutirato-co-3-hidroxivalerato)-(PHBV) y un termoplástico con base de almidón. Así también, se utilizó fibra corta de lino, como refuerzo, con una longitud inferior a 3mm de longitud. El proceso de obtención del material compuesto inicia con la transformación de la mezcla de biopolímero combinado con fibra de lino, en una extrusora de doble tornillo para termoplásticos, donde se obtiene un filamento de material bio-compuesto, el cual es triturado para obtener material granulado o pellets; el siguiente proceso ha sido transformar los pellets del material compuesto, mediante inyección, en chapas rectangulares con dimensiones de 180 x 200 mm y espesor de 2.5 mm. Para procesar el material en el husillo de mezclado de la extrusora, se debe mantener la temperatura de fusión del material de acuerdo al estudio realizado en los ensayos de calorimetría diferencial de barrido. La calorimetría diferencial de barrido (DSC), muestra un rango de temperaturas donde se presenta picos de flujo de calor, este ensayo consiste en elevar la temperatura progresivamente del material y comparar los procesos exotérmicos o endotérmicos presentes en el material, con este ensayo se obtienen las temperaturas de transición vítrea, de fusión y degradación de la matriz termoplástica, los valores adecuados de manipulación fueron: PLA (167,16°C), PHBV (178,62°C) y Compuesto de almidón (142,71°C), se determinan los parámetros de temperatura y presión de inyección, estas variables son esenciales para garantizar la fabricación de las diferentes muestras de material compuesto y en etapas posteriores se realizan ensayos destructivos para examinar el resultado en las propiedades mecánicas del material compuesto biodegradable.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract The present study analyzes the characteristics and the parameters necessary for the manufacture of a biodegradable composite material through the processes of extrusion, crushing and injection in order to optimize the mechanical properties of the composite material obtained. The thermoplastic polymers used as polymer matrix are polylactic acid (PLA), Poly (3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) (PHBV) and a thermoplastic with starch base. Also, short flax fiber was used as reinforcement, with a length less than 3mm in length. The process of obtaining the composite material begins with the transformation of the biopolymer mixture combined with flax fiber, in a twin screw extruder for thermoplastics, where a filament of bio-composite material is obtained, which is crushed to obtain granulated material or pellets; the next process has been to transform the pellets of the composite material, by injection, into rectangular sheets with dimensions of 180 x 200 mm and thickness of 2.5 mm. To process the material in the mixing screw of the extruder, the melting temperature of the material must be maintained according to the study carried out in the differential scanning calorimetry tests. The differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), shows a range of temperatures where heat flow peaks occur, this test consists in progressively raising the temperature of the material and comparing the exothermic or endothermic processes present in the material, with this test they are obtained the glass transition, melting and degradation temperatures of the thermoplastic matrix, the appropriate handling values were: PLA (167.16 ° C), PHBV (178.62 ° C) and Starch Compound (142.71 ° C) , the parameters of temperature and pressure of injection are determined, these variables are essential to guarantee the manufacture of the different samples of composite material and in later stages destructive tests are carried out to examine the result in the mechanical properties of the biodegradable composite material.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[PLA]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[PHBV]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[extrusión]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[inyección]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[biocompuesto]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[PLA]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[PHBV]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[extrusion]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[injection]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[biocomposite]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
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