<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>2550-6722</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista Chakiñan de Ciencias Sociales y Humanidades]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Revista Chakiñan]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>2550-6722</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad Nacional de Chimborazo]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S2550-67222021000100038</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.37135/chk.002.13.02</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[TIPOLOGÍA DEL GREMIO PERIODÍSTICO DE BAJA CALIFORNIA: UN ACERCAMIENTO DESDE LAS PERCEPCIONES DE SUS MIEMBROS]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[JOURNALISTIC GUILD TYPOLOGY OF BAJA CALIFORNIA: APPROACH FROM MEMBERS PERCEPTIONS]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Merchant]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Diana Denisse]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Autónoma de Baja California  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Tijuana Baja California]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>04</month>
<year>2021</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>04</month>
<year>2021</year>
</pub-date>
<numero>13</numero>
<fpage>38</fpage>
<lpage>54</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.senescyt.gob.ec/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S2550-67222021000100038&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.senescyt.gob.ec/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S2550-67222021000100038&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.senescyt.gob.ec/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S2550-67222021000100038&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[RESUMEN El presente artículo tiene por objetivo identificar una tipología del gremio periodístico de Baja California, a fin de plantearla como una mediación subjetiva en el desarrollo de la práctica profesional de los periodistas. Se realizaron 37 entrevistas en profundidad a periodistas del estado de Baja California. Además, se aplicó una técnica de asociación libre mediante el análisis pile sorting. Se encontraron tres tipos de periodistas: periodista crítico, periodista enlace gobierno-sociedad y periodista indiferente. Se concluye que la tipología propuesta tiene calidad de dinámica, lo que significa que hay una simultaneidad de tipos entre los que se mueven los periodistas del gremio, situación que genera prácticas espontáneas que varían de acuerdo con ideas y sentimientos que se generan en circunstancias específicas.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[ABSTRACT The objective of this article is to generate a typology of the journalistic guild in Baja California, Mexico in order to present as a subjective mediation in the development of journalists´ professional practice. Thirty-seven in-depth interviews were implemented to journalists from the state of Baja California and a free association technique was applied using the pile sorting analysis. Three types of journalists were found: the critical journalist, the government-society liaison journalist, and the indifferent journalist. This article concludes that the proposed typology is dynamic, which means, there is a simultaneity of types of journalists, that journalists adopt within the guild. This situation generates spontaneous journalistic practices that change according to ideas and feelings that appear in specific circumstances.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Periodistas]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[periodismo]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[actitudes]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[creencias]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Journalism]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[journalists]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[attitudes]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[beliefs]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
<ref-list>
<ref id="B1">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Abric]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.C]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Prácticas sociales y representaciones]]></source>
<year>2001</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Ciudad de México, México ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Ediciones Coyoacán]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B2">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[El periódico, actor del sistema político]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Borrat]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Anàlisi]]></source>
<year>1989</year>
<volume>12</volume>
<page-range>67-80</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B3">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Modelos de relación entre periodistas y políticos: La perspectiva de la negociación constante]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Casero]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Estudios sobre el Mensaje Periodístico]]></source>
<year>2008</year>
<volume>14</volume>
<page-range>111-28</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B4">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cohen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[The Press and Foreign Policy]]></source>
<year>1963</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Princeton, Estados Unidos ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Princeton University Press]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B5">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Durkheim]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Sociología y Filosofía]]></source>
<year>2006</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Granada, España ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Editorial Comares]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B6">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Giddens]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[La construcción de la sociedad: Bases para la teoría de la estructuración]]></source>
<year>2003</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Buenos Aires, Argentina ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Amorrortu]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B7">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[News is what newspapermen make it]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gieber]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[W]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[People, society and mass communication]]></source>
<year>1968</year>
<page-range>173-82</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[New York ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[The Free Press]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B8">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Materiales para una teoría de las identidades sociales]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Giménez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Frontera Norte]]></source>
<year>1997</year>
<volume>9</volume>
<numero>18</numero>
<issue>18</issue>
<page-range>9-28</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B9">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hallin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mancini]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Comparing Media Systems. Three Models of Media and Politics]]></source>
<year>2004</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Nueva York, Estados Unidos ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Cambridge University Press]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B10">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Evolución de roles y actitudes. Cultura y modelos profesionales del periodismo]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Humanes]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M. L]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Telos]]></source>
<year>2003</year>
<volume>54</volume>
<page-range>2-11</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B11">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Ciencias sociales y representaciones: Estudio de los fenómenos representativos y de los procesos sociales. Delo local a lo global]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jodelet]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Relmecs]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<volume>8</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B12">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The professional values of American newsmen]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Johnstone]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Slawski]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bowman]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[W]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Public Opinion Quarterly]]></source>
<year>1976</year>
<volume>36</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>522-40</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B13">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Entre abrazos y golpes&#8230;Estrategias subpolíticas de periodistas mexicanos en riesgo]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[De León]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bravo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Duarte]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Sur le journalisme, About journalism Sobre jornalismo]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<volume>7</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>114-29</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B14">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Redes de periodistas para vencer el miedo: comunidades emocionales ante la violencia de Estado]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[López]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[O.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[López]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Revista de Estudios Sociales]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<volume>62</volume>
<page-range>54-66</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B15">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Valores normativos y prácticas de reporteo en tensión: percepciones profesionales de periodistas en México]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Márquez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Cuadernos de información]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
<volume>30</volume>
<page-range>97-110</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B16">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Panorama de los perfiles demográficos, laborales y profesionales de los periodistas en México: Reporte de Investigación]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Márquez-Ramírez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hughes]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Global Media Journal]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<volume>14</volume>
<numero>26</numero>
<issue>26</issue>
<page-range>91-152</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B17">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Martínez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Teorías de la comunicación]]></source>
<year>2006</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Ciudad Guayana, Venezuela ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad Católica Andrés Bello]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B18">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[McQuail]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Mass communication theory: An introduction]]></source>
<year>1994</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Londres, Inglaterra ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Sage]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B19">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Professional roles in news content]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mellado]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Journalism Studies]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<volume>16</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>1-19</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B20">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Journalistic performance in Latin America: A comparative study of professional roles in news content]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mellado]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Márquez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mick]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Oller Alonso]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Olivera]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Sage]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<volume>18</volume>
<numero>9</numero>
<issue>9</issue>
<page-range>1087-106</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B21">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Merchant]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.D]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Una negociación sutil: Relaciones de cortesía entre actores del campo periodístico de Baja California]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Guadalajara, México ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Centro de Investigaciones y Estudios Superiores en Antropología Social CIESAS]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B22">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Journalist in newsrooms: Professional roles, influences, and changes to journalism]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Moreira]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Oller Alonso]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Brazilian Journalism Research]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<volume>14</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>304-17</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B23">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Moscovici]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[El psicoanálisis, su imagen y su público]]></source>
<year>1979</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Buenos Aires, Argentina ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Huemul]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B24">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Periodismo de declaraciones. Cuando la prensa renuncia a ser el lugar de los hechos]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Munive]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Conexión]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<volume>6</volume>
<page-range>42-57</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B25">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Sobre el estudio cualitativo de la estructura de las representaciones sociales]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rodríguez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Representaciones sociales. Teoría e investigación]]></source>
<year>2007</year>
<page-range>158-88</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[Ciudad de México, México ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad de Guadalajara]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B26">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Siebert]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F. S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Peterson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Schramm]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[W]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Four Theories of the press]]></source>
<year>1956</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Urbana, Estados Unidos ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[University of Illinois Press]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B27">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sigal]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Reporteros y funcionarios. La organización de las normas de la elaboración de noticias]]></source>
<year>1978</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Ciudad de México, México ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Gernika]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B28">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Teoría de las representaciones sociales. Una aproximación al estado del arte en América Latina]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Urbina]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ovalles]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G. A]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Psicogente]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<volume>21</volume>
<numero>40</numero>
<issue>40</issue>
<page-range>495-517</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B29">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Weaver]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wilhoit]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[The American journalist. A portrait of U.S. news people and their work]]></source>
<year>1991</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Bloomington, Estados Unidos ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Indiana University Press]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
</ref-list>
</back>
</article>
