<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>1390-6542</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Enfoque UTE]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Enfoque UTE]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1390-6542</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad UTE]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1390-65422026000100006</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.29019/enfoqueute.1148</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Removal of Turbidity and Total Suspended Solids Using Prunus Serotina and Mespilus Germanica Biocoagulants in a River in Apurímac, Peru]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cárdenas-Acosta]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Jhon Jhonatan]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ccorisoncco-Huachuhuillca]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Melissa]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Saavedra-Camacho]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Johnny Leandro]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dueñas-Valcárcel]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Carlos Eduardo]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Carhuarupay-Molleda]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Yakov Felipe]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad Nacional José María Arguedas  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Perú</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad Nacional José María Arguedas  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Perú</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af5">
<institution><![CDATA[,Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional Pedro Ruiz Gallo  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Perú</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af7">
<institution><![CDATA[,Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad Nacional José María Arguedas  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Perú</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af9">
<institution><![CDATA[,Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad Nacional José María Arguedas  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Perú</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>03</month>
<year>2026</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>03</month>
<year>2026</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>17</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<fpage>54</fpage>
<lpage>60</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.senescyt.gob.ec/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1390-65422026000100006&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.senescyt.gob.ec/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1390-65422026000100006&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.senescyt.gob.ec/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1390-65422026000100006&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract This study evaluated the efficiency of the natural biocoagulants Prunus serotina and Mespilus germanica in the removal of turbidity and total suspended solids (TSS) in a river in Apurímac, Peru. A 3×2×2 factorial design was applied, considering three coagulant doses (0,1; 0,5; and 1,0 g/500 mL), two stirring speeds (50 and 150 rpm), and two settling times (30 and 60 min), with three replicates per treatment. Significant reductions were observed, reaching maximum values of 92,71 % in turbidity and 90,92 % in TSS with M. germanica, and 90,16 % in turbidity and 88,73 % in TSS with P. serotina. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) confirmed that the dose and sedimentation time significantly influenced the removal of turbidity and TSS (p &lt; 0,05), while the agitation speed was relevant only for P. serotina. These findings demonstrate that seed extracts of P. serotina and M. germanica represent viable, sustainable, and low-cost alternatives for water treatment in rural Andean communities.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen Este estudio evaluó la eficiencia de los biocoagulantes naturales P. serotina y M. germanica en la remoción de turbidez y sólidos suspendidos totales (SST) en un río en Apurímac, Perú. Se aplicó un diseño factorial 3×2×2, considerando tres dosis de biocoagulante (0,1; 0,5 y 1,0 g/500 mL), dos velocidades de agitación (50 y 150 rpm) y dos tiempos de sedimentación (30 y 60 min), con tres repeticiones por tratamiento. Se mostraron reducciones significativas, alcanzando valores máximos de 92,71 % en turbidez y 90,92 % en SST con M. germanica, y de 90,16 % en turbidez y 88,73 % en SST con P. serotina. El análisis de varianza (ANOVA) confirmó que la dosis y el tiempo de sedimentación influyeron significativamente en la remoción de turbidez y SST (p &lt; 0,05), mientras que la velocidad de agitación resultó relevante únicamente en P. serotina. Estos hallazgos evidencian que los extractos de semillas de P. serotina y M. germanica constituyen alternativas viables, sostenibles y de bajo costo para el tratamiento de aguas en comunidades rurales andinas.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Seed extracts]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[natural biocoagulants]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[turbidity removal]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[total suspended solids]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Apurímac]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Extractos de semillas]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[biocoagulantes naturales]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[turbidez]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[sólidos suspendidos totales]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Apurímac]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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