<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>1390-6542</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Enfoque UTE]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Enfoque UTE]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1390-6542</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad UTE]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1390-65422026000100004</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.29019/enfoqueute.1216</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Hydrodynamic Analysis of Special Shaped Submerged Panels in Curved Channels Using Three-Dimensional Numerical Modelling]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Toapaxi Álvarez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Jorge]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sandoval Garzón]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Ricardo]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Soto Morales]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Karen]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Torres Jacobowitz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Cristina]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Escuela Politécnica Nacional  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Ecuador</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,Escuela Politécnica Nacional  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Ecuador</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af5">
<institution><![CDATA[,Escuela Politécnica Nacional  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Ecuador</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af7">
<institution><![CDATA[,Escuela Politécnica Nacional  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Ecuador</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>03</month>
<year>2026</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>03</month>
<year>2026</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>17</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<fpage>34</fpage>
<lpage>42</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.senescyt.gob.ec/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1390-65422026000100004&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.senescyt.gob.ec/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1390-65422026000100004&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.senescyt.gob.ec/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1390-65422026000100004&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract This paper analyses the water flow in curved channels, which may present particular hydrodynamic patterns such as streamline alteration, cross-wave formation, recirculation zones and possible contour flow separations, all of which require detailed hydrodynamic analysis. The analysis focuses on a case study of a hydroelectric power plant intake with a side grate, which includes a curved (small-radius) gravel-removing channel connecting the intake works to two desanding chambers. This design results in an unequal distribution of flow to the desanding chambers, causing neither chamber to function properly, and a recirculation zone upstream of the left desanding chamber. The methodology uses three-dimensional numerical modelling in OpenFOAM, based on prototype data. The model was calibrated with a flow rate of 8,8 m³/s. Subsequently, the transit of the design flow of 13 m³/s was simulated and an uneven flow distribution in the desanding chambers was verified. To address this problem, and considering the higher-velocity streamlines, two groups of alternatives were considered: the first consisted of placing two panels of different special shapes (straight, broken, and curved) in the desilting chamber; the second examined the flow behavior with an increased number of panels and alteration aspect ratio. For the first group, the scenarios tested did not modify the flow distribution in the sand removal chambers; however, the panels locally changed the hydrodynamic conditions and successfully altered the recirculation zone location. The scenarios in the second group yielded the best operational results regarding flow distribution.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen El presente trabajo analiza el flujo de agua en canales curvos, que pueden presentar patrones hidrodinámicos particulares, como la alteración de las líneas de corriente, formación de ondas cruzadas, zonas de recirculación y posibles separaciones de flujo en los contornos; todos ellos requieren un análisis hidrodinámico detallado. El análisis se centra en un caso de estudio de una obra de toma con reja lateral de una central hidroeléctrica, que incluye un desripiador de canal curvo y radio pequeño, que conecta la obra de toma a dos cámaras desarenadoras. Este diseño origina una distribución inequitativa del caudal hacia las cámaras desarenadoras, ocasionando que ninguna funcione adecuadamente, y genera una zona de recirculación aguas arriba de la cámara desarenadora izquierda. La metodología emplea modelización numérica tridimensional en OpenFOAM, basada en datos de prototipo. El modelo fue calibrado con un caudal de 8,8 m³/s. Posteriormente, se simuló el tránsito del caudal de diseño de 13 m³/s y se verificó una distribución desigual de caudales en las cámaras desarenadoras. Para abordar este problema, considerando las líneas de corriente de mayor velocidad, se evaluaron dos grupos de alternativas: el primero consistió en ubicar en el desripiador dos paneles de diferentes formas especiales en planta (rectos, quebrados y curvos), y el segundo verificó el comportamiento del flujo con un aumento en el número de paneles y la alteración de la relación de aspecto. En el primer grupo, los escenarios ensayados no modificaron la distribución de caudales en las cámaras desarenadoras. Sin embargo, los paneles modificaron localmente las condiciones hidrodinámicas y lograron alterar la ubicación de la zona de recirculación identificada. Los escenarios del segundo grupo fueron los que arrojaron mejores resultados operativos en cuanto a la distribución de caudales.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[CFD]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[OpenFOAM]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[streamlines]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[optimization]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[CFD]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[OpenFOAM]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[líneas de corriente]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[optimización]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
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