<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>1390-6542</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Enfoque UTE]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Enfoque UTE]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1390-6542</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad UTE]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1390-65422022000400029</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.29019/enfoqueute.811</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Evaluación de la calidad del suelo en núcleos poblados cercanos a la zona minera aurífera de Ponce Enríquez]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Soil quality assessment in populated areas near the gold mining zone of Ponce Enriquez]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Paz-Barzola]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Daniela]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Escobar-Segovia]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Kenny]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jiménez-Oyola]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Samantha]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Escuela Superior Politécnica del Litoral, ESPOL  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Ecuador</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Espíritu Santo, UEES  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Ecuador</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,Escuela Superior Politécnica del Litoral, ESPOL  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Ecuador</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2022</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2022</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>13</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<fpage>29</fpage>
<lpage>38</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.senescyt.gob.ec/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1390-65422022000400029&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.senescyt.gob.ec/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1390-65422022000400029&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.senescyt.gob.ec/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1390-65422022000400029&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen El objetivo para llevar a cabo este estudio fue evaluar la calidad del suelo en los núcleos poblados cercanos a las áreas de explotación minera aurífera en el cantón Camilo Ponce Enríquez. Se analizó la concentración de metales pesados y metaloides (As, Cd, Cu, Cr, Ni, Pb, y Zn) en muestras del suelo recolectadas en áreas públicas, patios, jardines y zonas de cultivo. Como resultado, se identificó que la concentración de Ni y Cr superó el límite máximo permitido (LMP) establecido en el Texto Unificado de la Legislación Secundaria Medio Ambiental del Ecuador (TULSMA) en el 100 % de las muestras analizadas, mientras que la concentración de Cu y Zn fue superior al LMP en el 90 % de los sitios de los cuales se tomó la muestra. El Cd superó el LMP en 64 % de las muestras y el As y el Pb superaron el LMP en el 26 % y 21 % de las muestras, respectivamente. El Cd, As y Pb son elementos de especial preocupación debido a su elevada toxicidad y considerable presencia en la zona de estudio. En cuanto al análisis de pH, se obtuvo valores entre 3.31 y 8.21, lo cual indica condiciones ácidas en el 60 % de las muestras de suelo, posiblemente producto de la actividad antropogénica en el área. Se detectaron fuertes correlaciones positivas entre As-Cd, Cr-Ni, Cu-Ni y correlaciones moderadas entre Cr-Cu y Pb-Zn, lo que guarda relación con la mineralización del área. El análisis de conglomerados indicó que el clúster C1, caracterizado por un alto contenido de elementos potencialmente tóxicos, se encuentra mayoritariamente al sur del área de estudio. Estos resultados preliminares pueden servir como línea base para futuras investigaciones en la zona, pues remarcan la importancia de la evaluación en la calidad de los suelos en núcleos poblados en áreas mineras.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract The objective of the study was to evaluate soil quality in population centers near gold mining areas. The concentration of heavy metals and metalloids (As, Cd, Cu, Cr, Ni, Pb, and Zn) was analyzed in soil samples collected in public areas, yards, gardens, and cultivation areas. As a result, it was identified that the concentration of Ni and Cr exceeded the maximum permissible limit (MPL) established in the Unified Text of Secondary Environmental Legislation of Ecuador (TULSMA) in 100 % of the samples analyzed, while the concentration of Cu and Zn was higher than the MPL in 90 % of the sites sampled. Cd exceeded the MPL in 64 % of the samples, and As and Pb exceeded the MPL in 26 % and 21 % of the samples, respectively. Cd, As and Pb are elements of special concern due to their high toxicity and significant presence in the study area. Regarding pH analysis, values between 3.31 and 8.21 were obtained, indicating acidic conditions in 60 % of the soil samples, possibly as a result of anthropogenic activity in the area. Strong positive correlations were detected between As-Cd, Cr-Ni, Cu-Ni, and moderate correlations between Cr-Cu and Pb-Zn, which is related to the mineralization of the area. Cluster analysis indicated that cluster C1, characterized by a high content of potentially toxic elements, is mostly located south of the study area. These preliminary results can serve as a baseline for future research in the area, highlighting the importance of soil quality assessment in mining areas.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[minería]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[metales pesados]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[correlación de Spearman]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[análisis de conglomerados]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[calidad de los suelos]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[mining]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[heavy metals]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Spearman correlation]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[cluster analysis]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[soil quality]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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