<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>1390-4299</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[URVIO Revista Latinoamericana de Estudios de Seguridad]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[URVIO]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1390-4299</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Facultad Latinoamericana de Ciencias Sociales- FLACSO-Sede Ecuador]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1390-42992020000300047</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17141/urvio.28.2020.4405</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Violencia compleja en una red de narcotraficantes y políticos en Colombia]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Complex violence in a Network of Drug Traffickers and Politicians in Colombia]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="pt"><![CDATA[Violência complexa em uma rede de traficantes de drogas e politicos na Colombia]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Vanegas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Gildardo]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Salazar-Trujillo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Boris]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Castillo-Valencia]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[María]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad del Cauca  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Colombia</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad del Valle  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Colombia</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad del Valle  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Colombia</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2020</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2020</year>
</pub-date>
<numero>28</numero>
<fpage>47</fpage>
<lpage>61</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.senescyt.gob.ec/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1390-42992020000300047&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.senescyt.gob.ec/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1390-42992020000300047&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.senescyt.gob.ec/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1390-42992020000300047&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen Este artículo revela el proceso de violencia compleja subyacente al asesinato de Elisabeth Montoya, la Monita Retrechera, acusada de ser el nexo entre Ernesto Samper (presidente de Colombia entre 1994 y 1998) y los carteles de Cali y del Norte del Valle. El tamaño de la violencia desencadenada por su asesinato fue proporcional al número de agentes y de vínculos asociados a la Monita, a las coaliciones activadas y al número de ofensores alcanzables a través de las trayectorias que los unían en las redes que compartían. El uso de la información por parte de todos los agentes involucrados tuvo un papel decisivo en el desencadenamiento de la violencia. Después del asesinato, la activación de las trayectorias existentes permitió a los agentes de la coalición vengadora extraer información con respecto a dónde estaban, qué fuerza tenían y quiénes eran los culpables de la ofensa cometida, y actuar en consecuencia.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract In order to show a complex violence process, we use the case of the murder of Elisabeth Montoya, known as the Monita Retrechera, accused of being the link between Ernesto Samper (president of Colombia 1994-1998) and the Cali and Norte del Valle drug cartels. The size of the violence triggered by her murder was proportional not only to the number of agents and links involved but to the magnitude of the coalitions activated and the number of offenders reachable through the paths that bound them in the networks to which they belonged. We found that a crucial feature of the process was the use of information by all agents involved. The activation of existing links in response to the triggering event enabled agents in the offended coalition to extract information regarding who their enemies were, where they were located, and what they were capable of, in order to deliver violent revenge.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="pt"><p><![CDATA[Resumo Este artigo revela o complexo processo de violência subjacente ao assassinato de Elisabeth Montoya, conhecida como Monita Retrechera, acusada de ser o elo entre Ernesto Samper (presidente da Colômbia 1994-1998) e os cartéis de Cali e Norte del Valle. O tamanho da violência desencadeada por seu assassinato foi proporcional não apenas ao número de agentes e vínculos associados a La Monita, mas também às coalizões ativadas e ao número de criminosos atingíveis por meio dos vínculos que os vinculavam às redes às quais pertenciam. Descobrimos o papel decisivo do uso da informação, por todos os agentes envolvidos, no desencadeamento da violência. Após a ocorrência do evento desencadeador, a ativação dos links existentes permitiu que os oficiais da coalizão extraíssem informações sobre onde estavam, do que eram capazes, quem era culpado do crime cometido e agiam de acordo.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[información]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[narcotráfico]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[violencia]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[política]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[redes]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[drug trafficking]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[murders]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[networks]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[politics]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[violence]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[assassinatos]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[política]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[redes]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[tráfico de drogas]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[violência]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
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