<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>1390-4299</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[URVIO Revista Latinoamericana de Estudios de Seguridad]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[URVIO]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1390-4299</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Facultad Latinoamericana de Ciencias Sociales- FLACSO-Sede Ecuador]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1390-42992019000200008</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17141/urvio.25.2019.4249</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Amenazas y conflictos híbridos: características distintivas, evolución en el tiempo y manifestaciones preponderantes]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Hybrid Conflicts and Threats: Main Features, its Evolution across Time and Preponderant Forms]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="pt"><![CDATA[Ameaças e conflitos híbridos: características distintivas, evoluçãoao longo do tempo e manifestações predominantes]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bartolomé]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Mariano César]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad del Salvador (USAL)  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Argentina</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2019</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2019</year>
</pub-date>
<numero>25</numero>
<fpage>8</fpage>
<lpage>23</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.senescyt.gob.ec/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1390-42992019000200008&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.senescyt.gob.ec/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1390-42992019000200008&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.senescyt.gob.ec/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1390-42992019000200008&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen Dentro del campo de análisis de la seguridad internacional contemporánea, ocupa un lugar de importancia la &#8220;hibridación&#8221; de los conflictos armados y las amenazas transnacionales, cuestión que demanda la constante atención de los especialistas.El presente artículoaborda tanto la amenaza que constituye un actor que plantea modos de combate híbridos como la resultante de la combinación sinérgica de al menos dos amenazas diferentes, que pueden darse de manera autónoma.Se presenta un panorama actualizado sobre el tema, que refleja su estado del arte, incluyendo versiones ajenas a Occidente.El primer objetivo consiste en establecer dónde radica la singularidad de los conflictos híbridos respecto a las formas precedentes de contienda armada, subsanando así los inconvenientes que plantean tanto un empleo poco riguroso de los términos como cierta proliferación semántica. Elsegundo objetivo, complementario del primero, apunta a identificar los formatos más relevantes que adoptan las amenazas híbridas en la actualidad.Las conclusionesindicansi se registra la presencia de conflictos y amenazas híbridas en América Latina, y en caso afirmativo, cuáles son sus manifestaciones, así comoel grado de preparación de los Estados frente a ellas.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract In the field of contemporary international security, the &#8220;hybridization&#8221; of armed conflicts and transnational threats has a high level of priority, demanding constant attention from specialists. This article analyzesthreats coming from actors that choose hybrids ways of warfare, and alsothe combination of at least two different and autonomous threats. An updated framework about this issue, which reflects the state of the art, including nonwestern views, is presented.The first objective is to identify the singularity of hybrid conflicts, and its differences with previousforms of armed conflicts, fixing the problems produced both by an unrestricted use of concepts and certain semantic proliferation. The second objective, which complements the former, seeks to identify the most common expressions of hybrid threats in today´s international relations framework.The conclusionsaddress if hybrid conflicts and threats are present in Latin America and, in an affirmative case, what is the degree of preparation of the States to fight these problems.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="pt"><p><![CDATA[Resumo No campo de análise da segurançainternacional contemporânea, ocupa um lugar importante a "hibridização" dos conflitos armados e das ameaçastransnacionais, assuntoque exigeuma avaliação constante pelos especialistas. Este artigo analisa tanto a ameaça que constituiumator que apresenta modos de combate híbridos, quanto a ameaça resultante da combinação sinérgica de pelo menos duasameaças diferentes e autônomas.Éapresentadoum panorama atualizado sobre o tema, que reflete o estado da questão, incluindoversõesnãoocidentais.Nossoprimeiro objetivo é estabeleceronde está a singularidade dos conflitos híbridos comrelaçãoàs formas anteriores de conflito armado, solucionando os inconvenientes causados pelo uso menos rigoroso dos termos e por certaproliferaçãosemântica.O segundo objetivo, complementar aoprimeiro, é identificar os formatos mais relevantes adotadoshoje pelas ameaças híbridas.As conclusõesindicamse a presença de conflitos e ameaças híbridas na América Latina; em caso afirmativo, quaissãosuasmanifestações e o grau de preparação dos Estados diantedesses problemas.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[amenazas híbridas]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[amenazas transnacionales]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[conflictos armados]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[conflictoshíbridos]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[guerra híbrida]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[seguridad internacional]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[armed conflicts;hybrid conflicts]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[hybrid threats]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[hybrid wars]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[international security]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[transnational threats]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[híbridas]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[ameaçastransnacionais]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[conflitos armados]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[conflitos híbridos]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[guerra híbrida]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[segurançainternacional]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
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