<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>1390-1249</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Íconos. Revista de Ciencias Sociales]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Íconos]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1390-1249</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[FLACSO Ecuador]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1390-12492020000300019</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17141/iconos.68.2020.4313</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Ocaso del regionalismo posneoliberal en Sudamérica: las deudas de la marea rosa en la conducción política de la Defensa]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Decline of post-neoliberal regionalism in South America: Weaknesses of &#8220;pink tide&#8221; political leadership on Defense policies]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Calderón]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Emilse Eliana]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Nacional de Rosario  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Argentina</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2020</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2020</year>
</pub-date>
<numero>68</numero>
<fpage>19</fpage>
<lpage>37</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.senescyt.gob.ec/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1390-12492020000300019&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.senescyt.gob.ec/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1390-12492020000300019&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.senescyt.gob.ec/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1390-12492020000300019&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen Partiendo de una perspectiva metodológica cualitativa y multicausal de los fenómenos político-sociales y con una mirada teórico-conceptual cercana al realismo neoclásico, el presente artículo aborda el devenir del regionalismo posneoliberal en América del Sur instaurado por la Unión de Naciones Sudamericanas (UNASUR). Específicamente se analizael Consejo de Defensa Sudamericano (CDS) porque representó un incentivo sin precedentes al desarrollo de la confianza entre los países y a la búsqueda de consensos en materia de Defensa. Por ello, la dilución del Consejo en el contexto de cambio político-ideológico acontecido en la subregión aproximadamente a mediados de la segunda década del siglo XXI, amerita ser examinada; en este sentido, el artículo explica porqué el modelo de regionalismo posneoliberalfue abandonado sin dificultades con el ocaso de lamarea rosa. Finalmente, la premisa que se sustenta indica que existió un condicionamiento profundo de la variable doméstica, enlazada a problemáticas estructurales de los Estados y materializada en su escasa capacidad de conducción política de la Defensa; al tiempo que la incidencia de la variable sistémica se entiende como secundaria, por lo cual el rol de Estados Unidos en el hemisferio es relevante en tanto acompaña y potencia el proceso que se desarrolla en el subcontinente y que revierte la tendencia concretada por la UNASUR y el CDS.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract This article discusses the evolution of post-neoliberal regionalism in South America as implemented by the Union of South American Nations (UNASUR). A qualitative and multi-causal approach to political and social phenomena will be used, together with a theoretical-conceptual viewpoint close to neoclassical realism. Special consideration is given to the South American Defense Council (CDS): An unprecedented attempt to build consensus between participant countries on Defense issues and to develop effective confidence-building measures among them. The weakening of the Council as a consequence of the changing political and ideological trends -prevalent in the second decade of the current century-, is granted particular consideration. The article explains the reasons why it was so easy for participant Governments to abandon post-neoliberal regionalism, as soon as the so-called &#8220;pink tide&#8221; receded. Finally, evidence is provided that shows that domestic variables played a crucial role in accounting for the demise of this new regional security model. Structural internal weaknesses within the regional States also played a major part in limiting the capacity of political leaders to sustain their control over Defense policies. Factors related to the international system are seen as of secondary importance. Although the United States is not a central player in these developments, it certainly had some influence in reinforcing and encouraging the reversal of the policies initiated and endorsed by UNASUR and the CDS.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[América del Sur]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[conducción política]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Consejo de Defensa Sudamericano]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Estados Unidos]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[marea rosa]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[regionalismo posneoliberal]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[South America]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[political leadership]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[South American Defense Council]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[United States]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[pink tide]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[post-neoliberal regionalism.]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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