<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>1390-1249</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Íconos. Revista de Ciencias Sociales]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Íconos]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1390-1249</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[FLACSO Ecuador]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1390-12492020000200139</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17141/iconos.67.2020.3942</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[El lenguaje como creador de realidades y opinión pública: análisis crítico a la luz del actual ecosistema mediático]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Language as a creator of realities and public opinion: Critical analysis in the context of the current media ecosystem]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[de Dios]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Sabina Civila]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Romero-Rodríguez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Luis M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Aguaded]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Ignacio]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de Huelva  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Spain</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Rey Juan Carlos Departamento de Ciencias de la Comunicación y Sociología ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Spain</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de Huelva  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Spain</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>08</month>
<year>2020</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>08</month>
<year>2020</year>
</pub-date>
<numero>67</numero>
<fpage>139</fpage>
<lpage>157</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.senescyt.gob.ec/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1390-12492020000200139&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.senescyt.gob.ec/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1390-12492020000200139&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.senescyt.gob.ec/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1390-12492020000200139&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen Este trabajo analiza cómo los medios de comunicación construyen realidad social mediante el lenguaje. La realidad social es revisada como un constructo discursivo fundamentado en el principio antrópico de la información y en el axioma watzlawickiano de que &#8220;es imposible no comunicar&#8221;. Se tiene como objetivo principal analizar cómo el concepto de &#8220;opinión pública&#8221; ha evolucionado con el desarrollo de las Tecnologías de Información y Comunicación (TIC). Para ello, se ha realizado una revisión crítica de la literatura científica, realizando un mapeo por las bases de datos WoS y Scopus, para luego determinar a partir de un estado de la cuestión cómo se forman las nuevas definiciones de opinión pública, entendiendo así el ecosistema mediático y las interacciones de los individuos en el plano de la comunicación digital. Como conclusión principal se destaca que la opinión pública ya no es solo creada unidireccional y monopólicamente a través de los medios de comunicación convencionales, sino también con la interacción y participación de la &#8220;audiencia prosumidora&#8221; en el seno de las redes sociales. Sin embargo, esto no es indicativo de que se ha perdido por completo el rol de los medios de comunicación en el control social a través de estrategias como el framing (encuadre) y priming (priorización) e incluso han surgido, a partir de esta construcción interactiva de las realidades, nuevos vicios informativos como las fake news (noticias falsas).]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract This article analyzes how the media constructs social reality through language. Social reality is revised as a discursive construct based on the anthropic principle of information and on Watzlawick's axiom that, &#8220;it is impossible not to communicate&#8221;. The main objective is to analyze how the concept of &#8220;public opinion&#8221; has evolved with the development of Information and Communications Technologies (ICT). To this end, a critical review of scientific literature has been carried out, mapping the WoS and Scopus databases, and determining, through a literature review, how the new definitions of public opinion are formed. This increases the understanding of the media ecosystem and the interactions of individuals at the digital communication level. The main conclusion of this study highlights how public opinion is no longer created unidirectionally and monopolistically through conventional media, but with the interaction and participation of the &#8220;prosumer audience&#8221; within social networks. However, this does not mean the role of the media in social control has been completely lost through strategies such as framing and priming. Indeed, new informative vices, such as fake news, have emerged from this interactive construction of realities.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[lenguaje]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[medios de comunicación]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[opinión pública]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[realidad social]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[redes sociales]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[TIC]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[language]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[media]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[public opinion]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[social reality]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[social media]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[ICT]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
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