<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>2631-2654</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista Digital Novasinergia]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Novasinergia]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>2631-2654</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad Nacional de Chimborazo ]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S2631-26542025000200006</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.37135/ns.01.16.01</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Diseño de corredores ecológicos para el oso de anteojos en el nororiente del Ecuador utilizando modelamiento matemático]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Ecological corridors design for the spectacled bear in northeastern Ecuador using mathematical modeling]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[López]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Alison]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rodríguez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Nyleen]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cisneros-Vaca]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[César]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,aff1  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Ecuador</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2025</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2025</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>8</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<fpage>6</fpage>
<lpage>31</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.senescyt.gob.ec/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S2631-26542025000200006&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.senescyt.gob.ec/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S2631-26542025000200006&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.senescyt.gob.ec/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S2631-26542025000200006&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen: El oso de anteojos (Tremarctos ornatus) nativo de los Andes es una especie catalogada como vulnerable según la lista roja de especies amenazadas. En el Ecuador, esta especie se ve en peligro debido a la fragmentación de su hábitat provocado por el cambio de uso y cobertura del suelo. Una estrategia para la conservación de esta especie es el diseño de corredores ecológicos que permitan mejorar la movilidad entre diferentes áreas protegidas. El objetivo del presente estudio fue aplicar modelos matemáticos en el diseño de corredores ecológicos que favorezcan la movilidad del oso de anteojos entre el área del Parque Nacional Cayambe-Coca y la Reserva Ecológica Antisana, ubicadas al nororiente del Ecuador. Con la aplicación del modelo Maxent se determinó la distribución potencial del hábitat del oso andino en el área de estudio. Luego, se utilizó el algoritmo Random Forest para clasificar una imagen satelital y generar el mapa de uso y cobertura del suelo para el año 2020, la clasificación obtuvo un coeficiente kappa de 0.87. Finalmente, el modelo de ruta de menor costo (LCP) de Dijkstra se ejecutó con base en seis variables (altitud; pendiente; distancia a vías; distancia a centros poblados; mapa de uso del suelo; mapa de distribución potencial de hábitat). Esto permitió delinear tres potenciales corredores de conectividad de hábitat para el oso de anteojos. Los resultados nos indican que el método propuesto es suficientemente robusto y podría usarse también para otras especies en peligro y en otras zonas donde se requiera estudiar la conectividad entre hábitats.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract: The spectacled bear (Tremarctos ornatus), native to the Andes, is a species listed as vulnerable according to the Red List of Threatened Species. In Ecuador, this species is in danger due to the fragmentation of its habitat caused by land use and cover changes. One strategy for conserving this species is the design of ecological corridors that allow improved mobility between different protected areas. The objective of the present study was to apply mathematical models in the design of ecological corridors that favor the mobility of the spectacled bear between the Cayambe-Coca National Park area and the Antisana Ecological Reserve, located in northeastern Ecuador. The Maxent model determined the potential distribution of the Andean bear's habitat in the study area. Then, the Random Forest algorithm was used to classify a satellite image and generate the land use and cover map for 2020; the classification obtained a kappa coefficient of 0.87. Finally, Dijkstra's least-cost path (LCP) model was run based on six variables (altitude, slope, distance to roads, distance to population centers, land use map, and potential habitat distribution map). This allowed us to delineate three potential habitat connectivity corridors for the spectacled bear. The results indicate that the proposed method is sufficiently robust and could also be used for other endangered species and areas where studying connectivity between habitats is required.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Corredor]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Ecológico]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Maxent]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Oso]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Anteojos]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Modelo]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Corridor]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Ecological]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Maxent]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Bear]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Spectacle]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Model]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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