<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>2631-2581</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista Ecuatoriana de Neurología]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Rev Ecuat Neurol]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>2631-2581</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Sociedad Médica Ecuatoriana de Neurología]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S2631-25812017000300040</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Hidrocefalia De Presión Normal]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Muñoz-Suarez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Diego Roberto]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Moscote-Salazar]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Luis Rafael]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Suarez-Cadena]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Fabio Camilo]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ramos-Villegas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Yancarlos]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Padilla-Zambrano]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Huber S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pacheco-Hernández]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Alfonso]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Nacional de Colombia  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Bogotá ]]></addr-line>
<country>Colombia</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Industrial de Santander  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Bucaramanga ]]></addr-line>
<country>Colombia</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de Cartagena  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Cartagena de Indias ]]></addr-line>
<country>Colombia</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af4">
<institution><![CDATA[,Grupo de Investigación en Ciencias de la Salud y Neurociencia (CISNEURO).  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Colombia</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af5">
<institution><![CDATA[,Organización Latinoamericana de Trauma y cuidado Neurointensivo.  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Colombia</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>04</month>
<year>2017</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>04</month>
<year>2017</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>26</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<fpage>40</fpage>
<lpage>45</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.senescyt.gob.ec/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S2631-25812017000300040&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.senescyt.gob.ec/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S2631-25812017000300040&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.senescyt.gob.ec/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S2631-25812017000300040&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen La hidrocefalia de presión normal es una patología reversible que forma parte de las demencias. A pesar del tiempo que ha transcurrido desde su descubrimiento, su fisiopatología no ha sido claramente establecida y se han planteado dos teorías que buscan explicar el proceso. Una está basada en cambios en el flujo de líquido cefalorraquideo y la otra en el flujo sanguíneo cerebral. Además, el proceso de evaluación y diagnóstico no está determinado, puesto que no existe un método estándar y los síntomas son similares a otras patologías de sistema nervioso central, haciendo que el diagnóstico se realice gracias a la suma de los síntomas clínicos y ciertos hallazgos imagenológicos que no son siempre constantes.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract Normal pressure hydrocephalus is a pathology causing dementia that is reversible. Despite the time elapsed since its discovery, its pathophysiology has not been clearly established and two theories have been proposed that try to explain the process, one based on changes in cerebrospinal fluid flow and the other on cerebral blood flow. In addition, the evaluation and diagnosis process is not determined, since there is no standard method and the symptoms are similar to other pathologies of the central nervous system, leading to the diagnosis as the summation of clinical symptoms and some findings in imaging which are not always constant.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Hidrocéfalo normotenso]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Derivación ventriculoperitoneal]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Líquido Cefalorraquídeo]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Demencia]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Incontinencia urinaria]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Trastornos neurológicos de la marcha.]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Normotensive hydrocephalus]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Ventriculoperitoneal shunt]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Cerebrospinal fluid]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Dementia]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Urinary incontinence]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Neurological gait disorders.]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
<ref-list>
<ref id="B1">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Diagnosis, Treatment, and Analysis of Long-term Outcomes in Idiopathic Normal-Pressure Hydrocephalus]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[McGirt]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MJ]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Woodworth]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Coon]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AL]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Thomas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Williams]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rigamonti]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Neurosurgery]]></source>
<year>2005</year>
<volume>57</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B2">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Normal pressure hydrocephalus Diagnostic and predictive evaluation]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Damasceno]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[BP]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Dement Neuropsychol]]></source>
<year>2009</year>
<volume>3</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>8-15</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B3">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Hidrocefalia de presión normal : guía de diagnóstico y manejo]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gonzales-Acevedo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JC]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Borda-Borda]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MG]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Univ Méd]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<volume>56</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>81-90</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B4">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Salomón Hakim and the Discovery of Normal-Pressure Hydrocephalus]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wallenstein]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MB]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[McKhann]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[GM]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Neurosurgery]]></source>
<year>2010</year>
<volume>67</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>155-9</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B5">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The diagnosis and treatment of idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gallia]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[GL]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rigamonti]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ma]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Williams]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Nat Clin Pract Neurol]]></source>
<year>2006</year>
<volume>2</volume>
<numero>7</numero>
<issue>7</issue>
<page-range>375-81</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B6">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Epidemiology of Idiopathic Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus: A Systematic Review of the Literature]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Martín-Láez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Caballero-Arzapalo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[López-Menéndez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[LÁ]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Arango-Lasprilla]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JC]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Vázquez-Barquero]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[World Neurosurg]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B7">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Prevalence of idiopathic normal-pressure hydrocephalus]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jaraj]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rabiei]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Marlow]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jensen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Skoog]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[I]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wikkelsø]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Neurology]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<volume>82</volume>
<numero>16</numero>
<issue>16</issue>
<page-range>1449-54</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B8">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Incidence of idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus ( iNPH ): A 10-year follow-up study of a rural community in Japan]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Iseki]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Takahashi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wada]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kawanami]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Adachi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kato]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[J Neurol Sci]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<volume>339</volume>
<page-range>108-12</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B9">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Cerebrospinal fluid drainage and dynamics in the diagnosis of normal pressure hydrocephalus]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Woodworth]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[GF]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[McGirt]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MJ]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Williams]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M a]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rigamonti]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Neurosurgery]]></source>
<year>2009</year>
<volume>64</volume>
<numero>5</numero>
<issue>5</issue>
<page-range>919-25-6</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B10">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Theoretical considerations on the pathophysiology of normal pressure hydrocephalus (NPH) and NPH-related dementia.]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hamlat]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Adn]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sid-ahmed]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Askar]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pasqualini]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Med Hypotheses]]></source>
<year>2006</year>
<volume>67</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>115-23</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B11">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus: thoughts on etiology and pathophysiology]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chrysikopoulos]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Med Hypotheses]]></source>
<year>2009</year>
<volume>73</volume>
<numero>5</numero>
<issue>5</issue>
<page-range>718-24</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B12">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The pathophysiology of idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus: cerebral ischemia or altered venous hemodynamics?]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ga]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Bateman]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[AJNR Am J Neuroradiol]]></source>
<year>2008</year>
<volume>29</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>198-203</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B13">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Abnormal cerebrospinal fluid-blood flow dynamics: implications in diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis in normal pressure hydrocephalus]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mathew]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Meyer]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hartmann]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Arch Neurol]]></source>
<year>1957</year>
<volume>32</volume>
<page-range>657-64</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B14">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Normal pressure hydrocephalus and cerebral blood flow: A PET study of baseline values]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Owler]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Momjain]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Czosnyka]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Z]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[J Cereb Blood Flow Metab]]></source>
<year>2004</year>
<volume>24</volume>
<page-range>17-23</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B15">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Normal pressure hydrocephalus]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wilson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[RK]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ma]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Williams]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Clin Geriatr Med]]></source>
<year>2006</year>
<volume>22</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>935-51</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B16">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Diagnosing Idiopathic Normal-pressure Hydrocephalus]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Relkin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Marmarou]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Klinge]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bergsneider]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Black]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[PM]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Neurosurgery]]></source>
<year>2005</year>
<volume>57</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>S2-4-S2-16</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B17">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Evans&#700; index revisited: the need for an alternative in normal pressure hydrocephalus]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Toma]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AK]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Holl]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kitchen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[ND]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Watkins]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[LD]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Neurosurgery]]></source>
<year>2011</year>
<volume>68</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>1</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B18">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Idiopathic normalpressure hydrocephalus. Results of shunting in 62 patients]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Black]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[J Neurosurg]]></source>
<year>1980</year>
<volume>52</volume>
<page-range>371</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B19">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Prognosis of dementia in normalpressure hydrocephalus after a shunt operation]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Thomsen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Borgesen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bruhn]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gjerris]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Ann Neurol.]]></source>
<year>1986</year>
<volume>20</volume>
<page-range>304</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B20">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Hidrocefalia de presió normal: un síndrome reversible de demencia, alteraciones en la marcha e incontinencia urinaria]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Slowik]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AK]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Williams]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Smith]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[CA]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Acta neurol colomb]]></source>
<year>2010</year>
<volume>26</volume>
<numero>3^ssupl.1</numero>
<issue>3^ssupl.1</issue>
<supplement>supl.1</supplement>
<page-range>81-6</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
</ref-list>
</back>
</article>
