<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>2631-2581</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista Ecuatoriana de Neurología]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Rev Ecuat Neurol]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>2631-2581</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Sociedad Médica Ecuatoriana de Neurología]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S2631-25812017000100095</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[El Proyecto Atahualpa: protocolo, definiciones operacionales y diseño inicial.]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[The Atahualpa Project: protocol, operational definitions, and initial study design.]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Del Brutto]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Oscar H.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mera]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Robertino M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zambrano]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Mauricio]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Del Brutto]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Victor J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de Especialidades Espíritu Santo Facultad de Medicina ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Samborondón ]]></addr-line>
<country>Ecuador</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Vanderbilt University Medical Center ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Nashville TN]]></addr-line>
<country>USA</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,Centro de Apoyo Comunitario  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Atahualpa ]]></addr-line>
<country>Ecuador</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af4">
<institution><![CDATA[,University of Chicago Departament of Neurology ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Chicago Illinois]]></addr-line>
<country>USA</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>08</month>
<year>2017</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>08</month>
<year>2017</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>26</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<fpage>95</fpage>
<lpage>100</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.senescyt.gob.ec/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S2631-25812017000100095&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.senescyt.gob.ec/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S2631-25812017000100095&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.senescyt.gob.ec/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S2631-25812017000100095&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[RESUMEN Las enfermedades no transmisibles constituyen las nuevas epidemias de salud de países en vías de desarrollo. Esto se debe, en gran parte, al aumento en la expectativa de vida y a los cambios en estilo de vida y hábitos dietéticos de sus habitantes. El Proyecto Atahualpa fue diseñado como un estudio de múltiples etapas, de corte longitudinal, dirigido a reducir el aumento de la carga de estas estas enfermedades en zonas rurales del Ecuador. La primera etapa consistió en un estudio de 3 fases, dirigido a conocer información sobre los aspectos demográficos y los factores de riesgo cardiovasculares en los residentes de Atahualpa &#8805;40 años, así como estimar tasas de prevalencia de enfermedad cerebrovascular y cardiopatía isquémica. Durante la Fase I, los participantes fueron encuestados con cuestionarios estandarizados dirigidos a evaluar la salud cardiovascular y a determinar la presencia de individuos sospechosos de tener una enfermedad cerebrovascular o cardiopatía isquémica. En la Fase II, neurólogos y cardiólogos examinaron individuos sospechosos y una muestra aleatoria de individuos no-sospechosos, para determinar la prevalencia de dichas enfermedades. En la Fase III, los pacientes confirmados fueron sometidos a exámenes complementarios dirigidos a establecer diagnóstico etiológico. La implementación de estrategias de salud pública dirigidas a mejorar el estado de salud cardiovascular en una población, debe ser basada en información regional. Los estudios epidemiológicos, tales como el Proyecto Atahualpa, son costo-efectivos para mejorar el estado de salud cardiovascular de poblaciones rurales de América Latina, al incrementar el conocimiento de las necesidades particulares de cada población.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[ABSTRACT Non-communicable diseases are the new health epidemics in developing countries due to increased life expectancy, and changes in lifestyle and dietary habits of the population. The Atahualpa Project was designed as a multi-step population-based cohort study designed to reduce the increasing burden of these conditions in rural Ecuador. The first step of the study followed a 3-Phase design, aimed to get information on demographics and cardiovascular risk factors of Atahualpa residents aged &#8805;40 years, as well as to assess the prevalence of stroke and ischemic heart disease. During Phase I, participants were screened with standardized questionnaires to evaluate their cardiovascular health and to identify those with suspected stroke or ischemic heart disease. In Phase II, neurologists and cardiologists examined suspected cases of stroke or ischemic heart disease, as well as a random sample of matched negative individuals, to assess prevalence of these conditions. In Phase III, patients with diagnosis of stroke and ischemic heart disease underwent complementary tests for achieving more specific diagnosis. Implementation of public health strategies directed to improve the cardiovascular health status of a given population must be based on studies evaluating specific risk factors at regional levels. Epidemiologic surveys such as the Atahualpa Project may prove cost-effective for improving the cardiovascular health status of people living in Latin American rural villages by increasing the knowledge on the particular needs of these populations.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Atahualpa]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[estudio poblacional]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[epidemiología]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[salud cardiovascular]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[enfermedad cerebrovascular]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[cardiopatía isquémica]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Ecuador.]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Atahualpa]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[population-based study]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[epidemiology]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[cardiovascular health]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[cerebrovascular disease]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[ischemic heart disease]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Ecuador.]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
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