<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>1390-6542</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Enfoque UTE]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Enfoque UTE]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1390-6542</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad UTE]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1390-65422025000400002</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.29019/enfoqueute.1152</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Challenges of information security management in the industrial sector: A systematic review]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bustamante1]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Shonerly]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Castañeda]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Pedro]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rodríguez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Ciro]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,National University of San Marcos  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Perú</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,National University of San Marcos  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Perú</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,National University of San Marcos  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Perú</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2025</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2025</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>16</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<fpage>9</fpage>
<lpage>18</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.senescyt.gob.ec/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1390-65422025000400002&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.senescyt.gob.ec/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1390-65422025000400002&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.senescyt.gob.ec/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1390-65422025000400002&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract Currently, in the industrial sector, technology can significantly increase productivity and efficiency. However, this advancement also generates multiple challenges related to information security that must be addressed. This systematic review aimed to analyze these challenges in information security management, focusing on three specific aspects: protection models and methodologies, factors that generate vulnerabilities in industrial control systems (ICS), and cyber risks that affect the supply chain. To this end, 45 articles published in journals indexed in databases such as Scopus, EBSCO and ScienceDirect over the last four years were examined. The results indicate that approaches based on Zero Trust, Shapley Additive Explanations (SHAP), Evolutionary Multi-Objective Optimization (EMO) algorithms, and the use of the Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) offer greater effectiveness in protecting information. In addition, the following were identified as the main vulnerability factors in ICS: excessive connectivity, the use of obsolete operating systems, uncontrolled physical access, incorrect configurations, poor maintenance, cyberattacks, and human error. With regard to the industrial supply chain, the most relevant risks include successful cyberattacks, ransomware, and industrial espionage. In conclusion, security challenges range from interoperability between systems to a shortage of specialized personnel, requiring continuous monitoring and a multidisciplinary strategic approach.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen Actualmente, en el sector industrial, la tecnología puede aumentar significativamente la productividad y eficiencia. Sin embargo, este avance también genera múltiples desafíos relacionados con la seguridad de la información que deben ser abordados. Esta revisión sistemática tuvo como objetivo analizar dichos desafíos en la gestión de la seguridad de la información, enfocándose en tres aspectos específicos: los modelos y metodologías de protección, los factores que generan vulnerabilidades en los sistemas de control industrial (ICS), y los riesgos cibernéticos que afectan la cadena de suministro. Para ello, se examinaron 45 artículos publicados en revistas indexadas en bases de datos como Scopus, EBSCO y ScienceDirect durante los últimos cuatro años. Los resultados indican que los enfoques basados en Zero Trust, Shapley Additive Explanations (SHAP), algoritmos de Optimización Multiobjetivo Evolutiva (EMO) y el uso del Internet Industrial de las Cosas (IIoT) ofrecen una mayor efectividad en la protección de la información. Además, se identificaron como principales factores de vulnerabilidad en los ICS: la conectividad excesiva, el uso de sistemas operativos obsoletos, el acceso físico no controlado, las configuraciones incorrectas, el mantenimiento deficiente, los ataques informáticos y el error humano; respecto a la cadena de suministro industrial, los riesgos más relevantes incluyen los ciberataques exitosos, el ransomware y el espionaje industrial. En conclusión, los desafíos de seguridad abarcan desde la interoperabilidad entre sistemas hasta la escasez de personal especializado, lo cual requiere una vigilancia continua y un enfoque estratégico multidisciplinario.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Industrial control systems]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[supply chain]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[cybersecurity]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[critical infrastructures]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Sistemas de control industrial]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[cadena de suministro]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[ciberseguridad]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[infraestructuras críticas]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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