<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>1390-4299</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[URVIO Revista Latinoamericana de Estudios de Seguridad]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[URVIO]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1390-4299</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Facultad Latinoamericana de Ciencias Sociales- FLACSO-Sede Ecuador]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1390-42992018000100008</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17141/urvio.22.2018.3324</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Estudios estratégicos: entre la rigurosidad y la subjetividad]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Strategic studies: between rigour and subjectivity]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Salgado]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Raúl]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Barreiro]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Daniela]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Facultad Latinoamericana de Ciencias Sociales (Flacso)  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Ecuador</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Central del Ecuador  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Ecuador</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2018</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2018</year>
</pub-date>
<numero>22</numero>
<fpage>8</fpage>
<lpage>23</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.senescyt.gob.ec/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1390-42992018000100008&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.senescyt.gob.ec/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1390-42992018000100008&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.senescyt.gob.ec/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1390-42992018000100008&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen El presente artículo propone que los reducidos diálogos y debates entre los grupos académicos provenientes de las diferentes regiones y perspectivas han contribuido a la expansión ilimitada de las temáticas abarcadas por los estudios estratégicos. Desde una perspectiva metodológica y para desarrollar este argumento, este artículo hace un análisis descriptivo-analítico de la literatura sobre los estudios estratégicos desde tres diferentes encuadres: mundial, regional y nacional. El texto se desarrolla con la premisa fundamental de que la &#8220;estrategia&#8221; como objeto de estudio ha perdido su cualidad de concepto analítico a causa de su ampliación más allá de lo militar.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract This paper proposes that the limited dialogue and debate amongst groups of academics from different regions and perspectives have contributed to the unlimited expansion of the strategic spectrum and the themes that cover strategic studies. From a methodological perspective and in order to develop this argument, this article provides a descriptive-analytical study of the literature of the field of strategic studies, from three different angles: worldwide, regional and national. The text develops with the fundamental premise that &#8220;strategy&#8221;, as object of study, has lost its original content as an analytical concept as a result of the broadening of its meaning.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[desarrollo conceptual]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Ecuador]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[estudios estratégicos]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[guerra]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Latinoamérica]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[conceptual development]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Ecuador]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[strategic studies]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[war]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Latin America]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
<ref-list>
<ref id="B1">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Arimatéia]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[José]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Strategic Insights: From Ideology to Geopolitics: Russian Interests in Latin America]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B2">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Political Intelligence and National Security in Ecuador: A Retrospective Reading]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Barreiro,]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Katalina]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Power, Politics &amp; Governance]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>115-33</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B3">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Baylis]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[John]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Strategy in the Contemporary World: Introduction to Strategic Studies]]></source>
<year>2002</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Oxford ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Oxford University Press]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B4">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Beaufre]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[André]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[An Introduction to Strategy: With Particular Reference to Problems of Defense, Politics, Economics, and Diplomacy in the Nuclear Age]]></source>
<year>1965</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Londres ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Faber & Faber]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B5">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Should Strategic Studies Survive?]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Betts]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Richard]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[World Politics]]></source>
<year>1997</year>
<volume>1</volume>
<numero>50</numero>
<issue>50</issue>
<page-range>7-33</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B6">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Briones]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Daniela]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[América Latina: Desafíos para la integración en Seguridad y Defensa]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Instituto Español de Estudios Estratégicos]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B7">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Brodie]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Bernard]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[War and Politics]]></source>
<year>1974</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Nueva York ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Pearson]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B8">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Strategic Studies and Its Critics]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bull]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Hedley]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[World Politics]]></source>
<year>1968</year>
<volume>4</volume>
<numero>20</numero>
<issue>20</issue>
<page-range>593-605</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B9">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Buzan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Barry]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[An Introduction to Strategic Studies: Military Technology and International Relations]]></source>
<year>1987</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Londres ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[PalgraveMacmillan]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B10">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Entre el cambio y la inercia histórica: el contexto actual de la inteligencia militar en Suramérica]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cabrera]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Lester]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[URVIO, Revista Latinoamericana de Estudios de Seguridad]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<numero>21</numero>
<issue>21</issue>
<page-range>8-21</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B11">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chávez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Nashira]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Cuando los mundos convergen: terrorismo, narcotráfico y migración post 9/11]]></source>
<year>2008</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Quito ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Flacso]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B12">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Clausewitz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Carl von]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[On War]]></source>
<year>1873</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Londres ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Trübner & Company]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B13">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Clemenceau]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Georges]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Discours de guerre]]></source>
<year>1968</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[París ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Pressesuniversitaires de France]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B14">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Inteligencia Estratégica. Inconsistencias y errores en tiempos difíciles]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cruz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Galo]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Amenazas Globales Consecuencias Locales]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<page-range>113-30</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[Quito ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad de las Fuerzas Armadas ESPE]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B15">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Daga]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Sergio]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Latinoamérica: oportunidad perdida y futuro incierto]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Instituto Español de Estudios Estratégicos]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B16">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Damitrascu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Alexandra]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[El radiscalismo islámico en América Latina. De Hezbolá al Daesh]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Instituto Español de Estudios Estratégicos]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B17">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Las TICS y las relaciones internacionales: apuntes para la reflexión]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Díaz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Renio]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Revista de Estudios Estratégicos]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>93-116</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B18">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ellis]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[China-Latin America Military Engagement: Good Will, Good Business, and Strategic Position]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[EUA ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Strategic Studies Institute]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B19">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ellis]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Strategic Insights: The Strategic Relevance of Latin America for the United States]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B20">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ellis]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Strategic Insights: Thinking Strategically About Latin America and the Caribbean]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B21">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ellis]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[The New Russian Engagement with Latin America: Strategic Position, Commerce, and Dreams of the Past]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[EUA ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Strategic Studies Institute]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B22">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Farah]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Douglas]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Transnational Organized Crime, Terrorism, and Criminalized States in Latin America: An Emerging Tier-One National Security Priority]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[EUA ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Strategic Studies Institute]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B23">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[A Conceptual Foundation for a Theory of Strategy]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Foster]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Gregory]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[The Washington Quarterly]]></source>
<year>1990</year>
<volume>1</volume>
<numero>13</numero>
<issue>13</issue>
<page-range>43-59</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B24">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gray]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Colin]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[War, Peace and International Relations: An Introduction to Strategic History]]></source>
<year>2007</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Londres ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Routledge]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B25">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Grimsley]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Mark]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[The Hard Hand of War: Union Military Policy Toward Southern Civilians, 1861-1865]]></source>
<year>1997</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Cambridge ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Cambridge University Press]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B26">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hart]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Liddell]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Strategy]]></source>
<year>2009</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Londres ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[BeneiNoaj]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B27">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Cuba en la política norteamericana: ideología y subversión (Notas para una interpretación)]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hernández]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Jorge]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Revista de Estudios Estratégicos]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>9-24</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B28">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Huneeus]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Carlos]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[La derrota de la Concertación y la alternancia de gobierno en Chile]]></source>
<year>2010</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B29">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<collab>JID (Junta Interamericana de Defensa)</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Estados Miembros - Junta Interamericana de Defensa]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<month>a</month>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B30">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<collab>JID (Junta Interamericana de Defensa)</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Reseña histórica - Junta Interamericana de Defensa]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<month>b</month>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B31">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jiménez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Rafael]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Perspectivas de futuro de la Inteligencia Estratégica en Latinoamérica]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Grupo de Estudios en Seguridad Internacional]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B32">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kahn]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Herman]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[On Thermonuclear War]]></source>
<year>2011</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Nueva York ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Transaction Publishers]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B33">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kissinger]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Henry]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[A World Restored: Metternich, Castlereagh and the Problems of Peace]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Brattleboro ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Echo Point Books & Media]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B34">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Klein]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Bradley]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Strategic Studies and World Order: The Global Politics of Deterrence]]></source>
<year>1994</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Cambridge ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Cambridge University Press]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B35">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Malamud]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Carlos]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[EEUU en la política exterior de Brasil]]></source>
<year>2010</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B36">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Manwaring]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Max]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Venezuela&#8217;s Hugo Chávez, Bolivarian Socialism, and Asymmetric Warfare]]></source>
<year>2005</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[California ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[University of California Libraries]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B37">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Manwaring]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Max]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Latin America&#8217;s New Security Reality: Irregular Asymmetric Conflict And Hugo Chavez]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[California ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[University of California Libraries]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B38">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Marcella]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Gabriel]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[War Without Borders: The Colombia-Ecuador Crisis Of 2008]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[USA ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Strategics Studies Institute]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B39">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Martín]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Fernando]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[El Estado de la Seguridad en América Latina 2015]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Instituto Español de Estudios Estratégicos]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B40">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Martín]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Paul]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Inseguridad cibernética en América Latina: Líneas de reflexión para la evaluación de riesgos]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Instituto Español de Estudios Estratégicos]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B41">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Matera]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Michael]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[The Relevance of U.S.-Caribbean Relations]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B42">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[¿Por qué el mercado falla y la solución también cuando se grava la contaminación?]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mencias]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[James]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Propuestas para el Desarrollo]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>79-91</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B43">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Moltke]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Helmuth]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[The Franco-German War of 1870-71]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Londres ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Fb&c Limited]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B44">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Expanding the Rebalance: Confronting China in Latin America]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Morgan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Daniel]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Parameters]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<numero>45</numero>
<issue>45</issue>
<page-range>103-14</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B45">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mouly]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Cécile]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Mesa de Cooperación para el Desarrollo]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="editor">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ramírez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Socorro]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Ecuador-Colombia: Construyendo puentes: políticas de paz y desarrollo para la frontera]]></source>
<year>2009</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Quito ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Flacso]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B46">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Murray]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Williamson]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[The Making of Strategy: Rulers, States, and War]]></source>
<year>1996</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Cambridge ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Cambridge UniversityPress]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B47">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Pos acuerdo de paz: desafíos para Colombia, consecuencias para Ecuador]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ordóñez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[María]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Amenazas Globales Consecuencias Locales]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<page-range>131-48</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[Quito ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad de las Fuerzas Armadas ESPE]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B48">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[La inteligencia militar ecuatoriana en la sociedad del riesgo]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ordóñez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[María]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[URVIO, Revista Latinoamericana de Estudios de Seguridad]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<numero>21</numero>
<issue>21</issue>
<page-range>56-69</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B49">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Osgood]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Robert]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[NATO, the Entangling Alliance]]></source>
<year>1962</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Chicago ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[University of Chicago Press]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B50">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Peoples]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Columba]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Critical Security Studies: An Introduction]]></source>
<year>2010</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[NuevaYork ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Routledge]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B51">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Polanco]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Ramiro]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Comercio bilateral Ecuador- Colombia efectos del conflicto]]></source>
<year>2003</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Quito ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Editorial Abya-Yala]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B52">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Nuevos&#8221; modelos de guerra y potenciales amenazas al Estado ecuatoriano]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ramos]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Mario]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Revista de Estudios Estratégicos]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<numero>5</numero>
<issue>5</issue>
<page-range>209-28</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B53">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Las cadenas de valor de las amenazas en la construcción de instituciones de seguridad y defensa]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Raza]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Salvador]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Amenazas Globales Consecuencias Locales]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<page-range>33-52</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[Quito ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad de las Fuerzas Armadas ESPE]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B54">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rendon]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Moises]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Why Venezuela Should Be a U.S. Foreign Policy Priority]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B55">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[El agua en un mundo en crisis]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rey]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Orlando]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Revista de Estudios Estratégicos]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>85-92</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B56">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[IVA no regresivo de Ecuador]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rojas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Diego]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Propuestas para el Desarrollo]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>53-66</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B57">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Schelling]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Thomas]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[The Strategy of Conflict]]></source>
<year>1981</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Massachusetts ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Harvard University Press]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B58">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Schulz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Donald]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[The United States and Latin America: Shaping an Elusive Future]]></source>
<year>2000</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[EUA ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Strategic Studies Institute]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B59">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Serrano]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Alfredo]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[América Latina en disputa. Cuestiones Políticas]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Caracas ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[El perro y la rana]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B60">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Shixue]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Jiang]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[La triangulación China-España-América Latina desde una perspectiva china (ARI) - Elcano]]></source>
<year>2011</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B61">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[El resultado de las elecciones en Estados Unidos: implicaciones para América Latina y el Caribe]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Suárez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Luis]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Revista Estudios Estratégicos]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>161-80</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B62">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Torrijos]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Vicente]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[¿Detonantes de guerra?: la cooperación militar colombo-norteamericana en perspectiva estratégica]]></source>
<year>2010</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B63">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Urcuyo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Constantino]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Elecciones costarricenses: lucha por la continuidad]]></source>
<year>2010</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B64">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Natural History, Potential Distribution and Conservation Status of the Manabi Hognose Pitviper Porthidium Arcosae (SCHATTI &amp; KRAMER, 1993), in Ecuador]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Valencia]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Jorge]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[HERPETOZOA]]></source>
<year>2011</year>
<numero>23</numero>
<issue>23</issue>
<page-range>31-43</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B65">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Ciberdefensa y ciberseguridad, más allá del mundo virtual: modelo ecuatoriano de gobernanza en ciberdefensa]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Vargas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Robert]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[URVIO, Revista Latinoamericana de Estudios de Seguridad]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<numero>20</numero>
<issue>20</issue>
<page-range>31-45</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B66">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Verdes]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Franciso]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Amigos a la fuerza: Las relaciones China-América Latina y el Caribe]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Instituto Español de Estudios Estratégicos]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B67">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[La inteligencia científico-tecnológica para el desarrollo y la seguridad geoeconómica latinoamericana]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Viamonte]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Yoel]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[URVIO, Revista Latinoamericana de Estudios de Seguridad]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<numero>21</numero>
<issue>21</issue>
<page-range>207-24</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B68">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wirtz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[James]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[A New Agenda for Security and Strategy?]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="editor">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Baylis]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[John]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Strategy in the Contemporary World: Introduction to Strategic Studies]]></source>
<year>2002</year>
<page-range>323-40</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[Oxford ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Oxford University Press]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B69">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wohlstetter]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Albert]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[The Delicate Balance of Terror]]></source>
<year>1958</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
</ref-list>
</back>
</article>
