<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>1390-1249</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Íconos. Revista de Ciencias Sociales]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Íconos]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1390-1249</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[FLACSO Ecuador]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1390-12492022000200161</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17141/iconos.73.2022.5198</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[La relación capital-trabajo en la Industria 4.0]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[The capital-labor relationship in Industry 4.0]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Foladori]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Guillermo]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ortiz-Espinoza]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Ángeles]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Autónoma de Zacatecas  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Autónoma de Zacatecas  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Mexico</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>08</month>
<year>2022</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>08</month>
<year>2022</year>
</pub-date>
<numero>73</numero>
<fpage>161</fpage>
<lpage>177</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.senescyt.gob.ec/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1390-12492022000200161&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.senescyt.gob.ec/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1390-12492022000200161&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.senescyt.gob.ec/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1390-12492022000200161&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen El término Industria 4.0 está presente en la academia, el sector empresarial y los medios de comunicación. Se asocia a una nueva revolución tecnológica caracterizada por la interrelación de diversas tecnologías, cuyos principales elementos son los sistemas ciberfísicos, la inteligencia artificial y la conectividad global. Aunque existe abundante literatura sobre el tema, la mayoría está orientada desde una perspectiva técnica y de negocios; halagu&#776;eña en cuanto a las ventajas esperadas. Sin embargo, en este artículo se analizan las potencialidades para alterar los términos tradicionales de la relación contradictoria capital-trabajo. Mediante una amplia revisión bibliográfica, se describe a la Industria 4.0 en su contexto histórico-económico resaltando las tendencias que impulsa. Mientras que la generalidad de los autores enfatiza en la conectividad e interacción técnica, en el presente texto se acentúa el aspecto económico distintivo de esta revolución. Se destaca cómo el involucramiento de tecnologías disruptivas para lograr la alta automatización representa una clara tendencia a la desaparición del empleo asalariado, con la excepción de una mínima ocupación de trabajo calificado y de servicios. La unión de este tipo de tecnologías supone un salto cualitativo debido a la eliminación de los tiempos muertos entre empresas individuales y a lo largo de todas las cadenas de producción. Se concluye mostrando la radical alteración en las relaciones laborales de expandirse la Industria 4.0.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract The term industry 4.0 is present in academia, the business sector, and the media. It is associated with a new technological revolution characterized by the interrelation of various technologies, whose main elements are cyberphysical systems, artificial intelligence, and global connectivity. Although there is abundant literature on the subject, most of it is oriented from a technical and business perspective, and it is optimistic in terms of expected advantages. However, this article analyzes the potential for altering the traditional terms of the contradictory capital-labor relationship. Through an extensive literature review, industry 4.0 is described in its historical-economic context, highlighting the trends it drives. While most authors emphasize connectivity and technical interaction, this text emphasizes the distinctive economic aspect of this revolution. It highlights how the involvement of disruptive technologies to achieve high automation represents a clear trend towards the disappearance of salaried employment, with the exception of the minimal occupation of skilled labor and services. The union of this type of technologies represents a qualitative leap due to the elimination of downtime between individual companies and along all production chains. It concludes by showing the radical alteration in labor relations if industry 4.0 expands.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[automatización]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[conectividad]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[economía política]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Industria 4.0]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[relación capital-trabajo]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[revolución tecnológica.]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[automation]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[connectivity]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[political economy]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[industry 4.0]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[capital-labor relationship]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[technological revolution.]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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