Resumen

MALACATUS COBOS, Paúl Nicandro; BASTIDAS CHAVEZ, Pablo Ignacio  y  CHUQUITARCO MORENO, Pablo Andrés. Análisis químico y de peligrosidad de lodos del sistema de tratamiento de aguas residuales en la industria de palma. Figempa [online]. 2019, vol.8, n.2, pp.30-38. ISSN 2602-8484.  https://doi.org/10.29166/revfig.v1i2.1726.

The main problem in the wastewater treatment systems of the palm industry is the accumulation of sludge in the oxidation lagoons, to extract the sludge the geotube was installed, however, it is necessary to give a destination to them. The objective of this work was to analyze the chemical and biological components of the sludge generated in the oxidation lagoon No. 4 and in the geotube of the water treatment system, determining the danger and identifying its destination. In addition, it was established if the flocculant used in the passage of mud from the lagoon to the geotube affects its chemical characteristics. For this, three samples were taken in three different days and months. For the oxidation lagoon No. 4, three subsamples were collected at different points to form a composite sample, and samples at 0.5 and 2 m deep were taken in the geotube. Analyzing agricultural parameters such as NPK, high levels of nitrogen and phosphorus concentration were obtained, compared with fertilization guidelines, and adequate levels for potassium, indicating that it can be used for agricultural use. The corrosivity based on the pH of the sludge is within the “non corrosive” range according to the regulations. The reactivity based on the level of cyanides was established as negligible. Heavy metal toxicity, in terms of nickel, chromium, lead and cadmium, was below the permissible levels. The flammability of sludge, qualitatively, was determined not to register the presence of flammable gases. In the infectious biological parameter by concentration of total coliforms, the result is below the permissible limits. Finally, the mud of both the lagoon and the geotube turns out to be “non-hazardous” according to national and international regulations and its chemical characteristics are not altered using the indicated flocculant.

Palabras clave : Sludge; lagoon; geotube, NPK; flocculant.

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