Resumen

PALACIOS OREJUELA, Iván Fernando; USHINA HUERA, Dennis Paúl  y  CARRERA VILLACRES, David Vinicio. Uso de suelos calcinados para minimizar la eutrofización mediante adsorción de fosfatos en Chone, Ecuador. Figempa [online]. 2018, vol.5, n.1, pp.47-53. ISSN 2602-8484.  https://doi.org/10.29166/revfig.v1i1.821.

The phosphates present in the Presa Multipropósito Chone have caused eutrophication problems in the Rio Grande basin, causing social, environmental and economic impacts for the area. One solution is the use of technosols, which are soil added with foreign elements to improve their ability to remove a specific contaminant. However, this study was based on the modification of the Chone soil and thus simulated a technosol able of removing phosphates in aqueous solutions through its calcination, process that causes a change in the physical and chemical properties at the time of volatilizing the organic compounds present. For this, a solution with concentration of 1.25 mg/L of potassium phosphate monobasic was done, similar to the concentration present in the river. The concentrations of the adsorbate contained in the water already filtered through the modified soil were measured with a spectrophotometer in 4 continuous sessions at intervals of 2 hours, the maximum adsorption was 92% after 7 hours of filtering; the kinetics of the adsorption was given by a first-order reaction, in addition, a better fit was obtained with the Langmuir isotherm, which represented an adsorption in monolayer of phosphates. The behaviour of the adsorption of phosphate was modelled using free software, which was estimated an adsorbent saturation time of 14 hours. As conclusions of the work, phosphate adsorption values are higher with modified soil (92%) than with natural soil (40.05%); the calcination of the soil provided a reactivity of the ferric compounds present in the adsorbent with an increase in its surface area, cation exchange and therefore a greater adsorption of the contaminant.

Palabras clave : ferric compounds; potassium phosphate monobasic; langmuir isotherm; technosols.

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