Abstract

NUNEZ CIFUENTES, Isaías Siddharta. Prevalence of ABO and Rh blood groups in the city of Quito- Ecuador. Revista San Gregorio [online]. 2022, vol.1, n.52, pp.102-114. ISSN 2528-7907.  https://doi.org/10.36097/rsan.v0i52.2226.

The ABO system has four groups (A, B, O and AB), and in Latin American countries the predominant blood group is O; this group, in turn, has been correlated with the Amerindian ethnic groups. Around the world the proportions vary according to ethnic groups. The Rh system consists of five damages of which D is the most used. In non-Caucasian populations the Rh (+) exceeds 90%. The objective of the research was to determine the phenotypic proportions of the ABO and Rh systems in a selected sample. An observational, descriptive and cross-sectional study was carried out, where the blood groups of a sample of 1015 individuals diagnosed with SARS-CoV-2 were analyzed. Of them, 593 were men and 422 women. The different blood ratios of each group alone and combined (ABO and Rh) were obtained. All analyzes were done with 95% confidence. As a result, it was found that the proportions of blood groups O, A, B and AB were 75.46%; 17.14%; 6.69% ​​and 0.68% respectively. There was evidence of 97.93% of Rh (+) individuals and 2.06% with Rh (-). No subjects with blood groups B (-) or AB (-) were found. The analysis showed that the proportions of ABO blood groups from highest to lowest were: O > A > B > AB. Rh (+) covered almost the entire sample studied. The results are consistent with the sample studied as an ethnic group with strong Amerindian ancestry.

Keywords : ABO blood groups; Rh factor; phenotypic ratios..

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