Abstract

LOPEZ PAZMINO, Carol Lizette. States, “conexos/marginales” and the transnationalization of organized crime: an approach to the Ecuadorian North border. E&c [online]. 2019, vol.2, n.9, pp.269-287. ISSN 2477-9245.  https://doi.org/10.37228/estado_comunes.v2.n9.2019.129.

The purpose in this article is to analyze how organized crime is directly linked to the logic of capital accumulation, its materialization of the division of labor in the current international order and how this dynamic generates certain logics of territoriality and location at the borders. To articulate the proposal, the “conexos/marginales” actors are conceptualized, their dynamics at the borders, which in many cases independently of their criminal status operate from the State's vulnerabilities. In order to analyze this context, some events occurred in the sub-border region of Mataje between Ecuador and Colombia in the first six months of 2018 and how these criminal practices influenced the re-positioning of Ecuador's interests. The study closes with the analysis of the geo-political change that the Latin American region is undergoing, where traditionally hegemonic countries realign new forms of political incidence, through the signing of new international cooperation agreements, especially in terms of security and defense. The theoretical framework that was used, contemplated concepts of classical political geography, classical theory of the State, critical geopolitics and the critical theory of international relations, in addition a documented survey was made in the written press.

Keywords : current international order; capitalism; organized crime; “conexos/marginales”; territory; border; geopolitics; Ecuador..

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