Abstract

GUERRA PROCEL, Francisco Javier  and  DUQUE SUAREZ, Guido Vinicio. Ecuadorian neoliberal and pos-neoliberal industrial policy and their current consequences, 1982-2016. E&c [online]. 2018, vol.2, n.7, pp.131-154. ISSN 2477-9245.  https://doi.org/10.37228/estado_comunes.v2.n7.2018.85.

This article analyzes the Ecuadorian industrial policy for the interval between 1982 and 2016. This corresponds to two socio-economic models: the neoliberalism, which came into being through the structural change executed during the period 1982-2005; and the post-neoliberalism - between 2005 and 2016 - which who have shaped the current manufacturing industry. The study consists in the social, historical, economic and financial analysis, and stems from the hypothesis that neither the neoliberal nor the post-neoliberal policies have produced a structural change in the country's manufacturing industry. This paper applies the historical method of research which comprises both the heuristic and the hermeneutic approach by secondary sources provided by national and international institutions. Furthermore, the sector-specific policies that have been introduced are described in order to proceed to a critical analysis of them. Finally, the findings corroborate that the industrial policies implemented by both economic models have not consolidated the industrial sector into a growing, diversified, independent and solid one; for example, in the years between 1990 and 2016, the exportable primary products represented on average around 79% and the manufactured products 29% of the exports. It has been generated instead is a rapidly growing foreign debt, socio-economic problems and a substantial return to an economy dominated by primary sector activities.

Keywords : Ecuador; manufactures; primary products; Industrial Policy; Neoliberalism; Post-neoliberalism.

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