Resumo

VARELA ENRIQUEZ, Marcelo  e  MONTESDEOCA ESPIN, Lourdes. Peripheral Industrialization: policies of structural change and economic diversification, a perspective from Ecuador. E&c [online]. 2018, vol.2, n.7, pp.59-88. ISSN 2477-9245.  https://doi.org/10.37228/estado_comunes.v2.n7.2018.81.

Abstract Peripheral industrialization differs substantially from central industrialization and to understand this center-periphery system proposed initially by Raúl Prebisch. This document reviews this system, highlighting the differences between the center and the periphery, which are conditioned both by internal factors such as: the productive structure, average income and productivity; and external factors or obstacles of geostrategic nature that condition or in extreme prevent the peripheral industrialization. From the latter, the following stand out: the Alliance for Progress Program, the debt crisis, the international specialization of production or rather the reprimarization of the economy -in the case of underdeveloped countries-, external dependence and the shock of relative prices. Also, based on data from Ecuador, a review of the problems generated as a result of these conditions is made, such problems may be: the chronic balance of payments deficits, unemployment and mainly underemployment, as well as the technological gap, and both internal and external migration processes. In order to address these drawbacks, it is proposed that economic policies, especially in an industrialization process, should begin by changing monetary, fiscal and commercial policies, which should be compatible with the current process of globalization and technological revolution.

Palavras-chave : Ecuador; Peripheral industrialization; Center-periphery system; external dependence; relative prices; balance of payments; technological gap; economic policies.

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