Abstract

VAILLANT ALCALDE, Marcel Edme. Services and goods intensive in natural resources in South America: new opportunities for productive transformation. E&c [online]. 2018, vol.2, n.7, pp.25-57. ISSN 2477-9245.  https://doi.org/10.37228/estado_comunes.v2.n7.2018.80.

The objective of this article is to develop a methodology for identifying which products and which South American countries it is feasible that follow a dynamic of increment in the use of production specialized services (servification). The characterization was performed using international trade data (for the average of the years 2009-2012), applying the methodology of product space and the method of reflections and complemented by the dynamic of trade specialization (comparison period 2004-2006 and 2009-2012). Outcomes identify 21 products belonging to the group of goods intensive in natural resources (GINR). These set of products share the property of a high specialization of at least one country of the South American region with a high regional participation in the global supply. The backward linkages involve the development of activities of production specialized services associated with its large scale generates a representative demand on which can develop the internationalization of the same. Enabled by the path of technological change that is associated with increased international trade of firm services. The microeconomic evidence presented at the end of the article confirms in 5 of the 7 cases reviewed the identification of products and countries: agriculture (grains and oilseeds) Argentina and Brazil (oilseeds); beef in Uruguay; and copper in Chile. In addition, illustrates which are the types of services developed associated with these goods (marketing, technological, environmental). These are typically knowledge-intensive services and open up new opportunities for international specialization. Due to the restrictions of information some of the limitations of the study is that it did not work with direct statistical data of these specialized services. Future research should focus on achieving overcome this restriction.

Keywords : specialization pattern; natural resources; method of reflections; product and country sophistication; servification; services internationalization; South America.

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