Abstract

SAGBAY ZUNIGA, Brenda A.; GARCIA BACUILIMA, Jorge L.  and  ALVAREZ PINOS, Diego S.. Characterization, profitability, liquidity, and solvency of the main companies that contracted with the Ecuadorian State, period 2015 to 2020. Revista Economía y Política [online]. 2024, n.39, pp.41-57.  Epub Jan 30, 2024. ISSN 2477-9075.  https://doi.org/10.25097/rep.n39.2024.03.

Public procurement is crucial for the proper functioning of a country, but unfortunately, it can face problems that undermine its efficiency and transparency. For this reason, this research analyzes the top 23 companies that sold over $2.21 billion to the Ecuadorian government between 2015 and 2020. A descriptive methodology and a quantitative approach were used to classify the companies based on their origin, economic activity, and financial situation. The results reveal that 67% of these companies are of Ecuadorian origin. In terms of their financial situation, although they have a strong liquidity position, financing expenses completely dilute their profits, resulting in a negative net profit margin. This finding suggests the need to establish public policies that promote the diversification of economic sectors and the implementation of effective financial management strategies in contracting companies to improve their profitability and long-term financial sustainability.

Keywords : public procurement; financial indicators; public policy and regulation; business economics.

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