Abstract

ROBLES, Silvana; PONCE, Pablo; ALVARADO, Rafael  and  ORTIZ, Cristian. EFFECT OF HUMAN CAPITAL ON THE INCOME GAP: AN APPROACH USING PROPENSITY SCORE MATCHING. Revista Economía y Política [online]. 2019, n.29, pp.21-43.  Epub Jan 03, 2019. ISSN 2477-9075.  https://doi.org/10.25097/rep.n29.2019.02.

The objective of the present investigation is to examine the income gaps in Ecuador through the method of Oaxaca (1973) and Blinder (1973) after using the Propensity Score Matching (PSM) method to obtain observations statistically equivalents. We use the data published by the National Survey of Employment, Unemployment and Underemployment of the National Institute of Statistics and Censuses (ENEMDU). The results obtained agree with the theory of Mincer (1974), schooling and experience influence positively in the levels of income, becoming schooling as the most determinant. Then, we break down income gaps by sex and labor informality. The results show that the wage gap also responds to differences in the human capital endowments of the labor force. Policies aimed at reducing income gaps should focus on improving the level of education of workers and generating scenarios for equal opportunities.

Keywords : Income gaps; Human capital; Propensity Score Matching; Discrimination; Labor formality.

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