Abstract

SANTACRUZ DE LEON, Germán  and  SANTACRUZ DE LEON, Eugenio Eliseo. Evaluación del desempeño del riego por aspersión en lotes con cultivo de banana en Chiapas, México. Siembra [online]. 2020, vol.7, n.2, pp.1-13. ISSN 2477-8850.  https://doi.org/10.29166/siembra.v7i2.1712.

The aims of this work were identifying the edaphic conditions and estimate the water needs of Dwarf Giant Banana crop (Musa acuminata ‘Enano Gigante’) in the Soconusco region, Chiapas, México; as well as to assess two different irrigation sprinkler systems. To achieve this, four lots of five hectares each were selected. And, one soil sample per lot and two irrigation water samples were collected. The pH, texture (of soil), cations, and anions in soils and water samples were analyzed using standardized methods. The potential evapotranspiration was estimated by the Thornthwaite method and the real evapotranspiration by the Blaney-Criddle method, to establish the monthly values of irrigation requirements. Besides, the Christiansen Uniformity coefficient (CUc), Distribution Uniformity (UD), and the Applied efficiency (Ea) were obtained under normal operating conditions. The results showed that, in general, the edaphic conditions (Clay loam and Silty loam) for banana cultivation were suitable. At the same, the water quality (C1S1) is suitable and can be used in any type of soil. The annual depth irrigation was 1,118.9 mm. The CUc and UC values for dosel irrigation were 47.7 and 26,1, respectively, and for subfoliar irrigation the ranges were 54.4-67.3 and 44.6-54.4, respectively. As concluision, the two irrigation sprinkler systems are not within the established ranges as suitable.

Keywords : water assessment; agronomic evaluation; irrigation sprinkler; banana; Chiapas.

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