Abstract

GUTIERRE, Francisco et al. Omisión de nutrientes y dosis de nitrógeno en la acumulación de biomasa, composición bromatológica y eficiencia de uso de nitrógeno de raigrás diploide perenne (Lolium perenne). Siembra [online]. 2017, vol.4, n.1, pp.81-92. ISSN 2477-8850.  https://doi.org/10.29166/siembra.v4i1.503.

This research work was split into two experiments. The first evaluated the effect of nutrient omission on biomass accumulation and bromatological composition of perennial diploid ray grass (Lolium perenne) while the second assessed the effect of N rate application (0, 70, 140, 210, 280, 350 and 420 kg N/ha/year) on biomass accumulation, bromatological composition and N use efficiency of the same cultivar. Omitted nutrients were N, P, K, Mg and S. Statistically significant differences (p>0.05) were found for biomass production (kg DM/ ha/cut) and protein content (%) with N omission, while the omission of P, K and Mg only affected biomass production, but not the bromatological composition. The omission of S did not affect either biomass production or bromatological composition. Nitrogen application increased biomass production and protein content with the increment in N rates. The DM data in response to the application of N rates were utilized to calculate AEN which in the case of the studied ray grass was of 14 kg DM/kg of applied N. With this information and the implementation of N omission plots the N rate necessary for the following crop cycle can be predicted. A GreenSeeker was used as a tool to obtain NDVI data which confirmed the effect of N in the accumulation of DM and AEN. Finally, the cost to produce one kg of ray grass biomass decreases with the increment of N rates. It was demonstrated that the production costs vary from 0.05 to 0.06 dollars/kg DM with the N rates ≥ 140 kg/ha/year, in comparison with the cost of one kg of concentrate which varies from 0.50 to 0.60 dollars per unit weight.

Keywords : nitrogen fertilization; accumulated biomass; grassland; Ecuador.

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