Abstract

SINCHE SERRA, Marco Vinicio et al. Baits for ANASTREPHA FRATERCULUS with Hydrolyzed Protein from Agroindustrial By-products Pretreated with Gamma Radiation. La Granja [online]. 2023, vol.37, n.1, pp.102-116. ISSN 1390-8596.  https://doi.org/10.17163/lgr.n37.2023.08.

The fruit fly (Anastrepha fraterculus) affects several Ecuadorian crops with export potential. Currently, a costly imported bait is used to monitor and control this pest. The aim of this research is to formulate baits for the fruit fly that could replace the commercial bait. Soy cake, palm kernel cake, bovine blood and whey were used as raw material. Each material was irradiated with a dose of 20 kGy with a Cobalt-60 source as a pretreatment. Then, the protein was extracted and hydrolyzed with a 0.025 AU bromelain solution at pH 7;0 and 50°C, for 30 min. The baits were formulated with hydrolyzed protein, molasses, water, and borax, and they were placed in McPhail traps. The field evaluation was carried out in cherimoya (Annona cherimola) and guava (Psidium guajava) orchards. The hydrolysis degrees that were reached in the enzymatic process had values between 19.16 and 26.64%. According to an SDS-PAGE electrophoresis, the hydrolysates had peptides with molecular weights between 5 and 20 kDa. The bait made with palm kernel cake hydrolyzed protein and the commercial bait were statistically equal in the number of captured flies, whereas the bait made with whey protein had a higher FTD index (flies caught per trap, per day). The formulated baits could be an inexpensive alternative to the commercial bait for monitoring fruit flies in Ecuador.

Keywords : Attractant baits; protein hydrolysates; ionizing radiation; fruit fly.

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