Abstract

YANEZ, Sebastián; TAFUR, Valdano  and  ROSERO, Lenin. SAFEGUARD OF EMILIA APPLE GERMPLASM ( Malus communis L. subsp. Yellow pippin of Blenheim) BY IN VITRO TISSUE GROLWING. La Granja [online]. 2017, vol.26, n.2, pp.52-63. ISSN 1390-8596.  https://doi.org/10.17163/lgr.n26.2017.05.

It is of great importance to maintain the genetic diversity of traditional materials and wild plants. The Emilia apple germplasm was safeguarded, using in vitro tissue culture techniques. Two culture media and six concentrations were evaluated for disinfection; in addition, eight treatments for budding, using different concentrations of 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) and for rooting four treatments with indole butyric acid (IBA). We used a DCA with a 2 x 4 factorial arrangement with six observations. The percentages of contamination, oxidation, viability, days at sprouting, number of shoots and length of shoots were evaluated. Treatments equal to and greater than 10% NaClO for 10 minutes had adequate values ​​of non-contamination of explants. The lower number of oxidized explants had a direct proportional correlation in the responses to less concentration and time of exposure. The highest percentage of viable explants (77%) was expressed in 10% NaClO treatment for 15 minutes. The best responses regarding the variable days to budding were presented in the treatments without BAP intervention. The best response in the number of outbreaks was manifested for the 1 ppm BAP treatment in the culture media (Murashige and Skoog modified - MSM and Modified CHU 10 by Gerloff). The best response in the size of the outbreak was expressed in the treatment CHU + 1 ppm BAP. The cellular tissues the Emilia apple show high susceptibility to microbial contaminants and the oxidation of tissues, which makes it difficult to multiply by in vitro culture. High concentrations of BAP inhibit spontaneous physiological responses in explants of the Emilia apple, especially in the early stages where there is greater production of intrinsic hormonal effects.

Keywords : Culture media; plant hormones; botanical conservation; micropropagation.

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