Abstract

CUEVA, Eduardo et al. Review of the state of the art of batteries in automotive applications. Enfoque UTE [online]. 2018, vol.9, n.1, pp.166-176. ISSN 1390-6542.  https://doi.org/10.29019/enfoqueute.v9n1.202.

Purpose of this paper is the review of the literature and analyze the progress and application that battery technologies have made in the automotive industry, due to the implementation of electrified systems in the power train, that are used in hybrid and electric vehicles. The technologies which are used, were classified by the materials applied in the construction of the electrochemical cells, lead acid, lithium ion and nickel metal hydride were the chosen ones. It was identified the most important characteristics as the capacity, the nominal voltage of their cells, among others. Lead-acid batteries will continue to occupy a considerable market share because of their cost, but they cannot be used as propulsion batteries. Nickel-metal hydride batteries withstand higher work stress and have higher energy density, so they are mainly used in hybrid vehicles. Because of the demand for energy and power, that electric vehicles need, is used the lithium-ion technology.

Keywords : batteries; automotive industry; lithium ion; plug-in hybrid vehicle; electric vehicle.

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