Abstract

RAMOS-GARCIA, José-María. United States-Mexico Joint Initiative: COVID-19 Pandemic and Secure Border. URVIO [online]. 2023, n.36, pp.120-135. ISSN 1390-4299.  https://doi.org/10.17141/urvio.36.2023.5888.

From a governance approach, this article analyzes and compares the United States-Mexico Joint Initiative to Combat the COVID-19 Pandemic, with respect to the North American Plan for Animal and Pandemic Influenza, and its contribution to promoting a secure border in the context of post-pandemic. The methodology is based on an analysis of the Joint Initiative and the North American Plan for Animal and Pandemic Influenza, as well as the orders issued under sections 362 and 365 of the United States government's Public Health Service Act. In addition, a governance model to promote better cross-border management of the pandemic toward a secure border is analyzed. Among the conclusions, the following are stated: the Plan considered effective governance that had an impact on the reduction of the H1N1 pandemic, which did not happen with the Joint Initiative in the case of the COVID-19 pandemic. Although the US border was closed to Mexican residents with a United States visa, for 18 months (March 20, 2020 to November 7, 2021), with a national security criterion, the number of infections and deaths on the United States-Mexico border did not decrease, due to a governance deficit.

Keywords : border; international cooperation; internet governance; migration; pandemic.

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