Resumo

PEREZ MOLINA, Alexandra. Risk of Sodicity in the Soils of Canton Milagro, Guayas-Ecuador at Time of Dryness. Rev Politéc. (Quito) [online]. 2019, vol.42, n.2, pp.15-22. ISSN 2477-8990.

Given the importance of the agricultural production of the soil of the canton Milagro, in this article the objective is to study the effect of low rainfall and the use of complementary irrigation in the concentration of salts in the soils of the canton. The problem of floods and drought endangers agricultural activities in the area that occupy 95.5% of the land of the canton, as they can cause the loss of fertile soils. The determination of the RAS ratio of sodium adsorption in all its modifications, and the Saturation Index in the soils, calculated from the measurements of the concentration of cations, anions, electrical conductivity (CE) and pH in water samples taken in 32 stations along the Milagro river microbasin, according to the expert and for the specific purposes of the investigation, in June 2013 with an average rainfall of 74.5 mm, will allow to propose alternatives to avoid the sodicity of the soil of the canton. In studies carried out on the water-soil relationship it has been shown that it is possible to predict the risk of sodicity of soils by the use of high salinity water, as is the case of some water samples in the Milagro canton. The most critical values were obtained with the RASaj, the Belin River has an S2 classification according to Richard et. to the. (1959), waters from banana plantations, which means that the precipitation of calcite is an influencing factor, they are zones of recreational cones. There are zones classified as S3 and S4 in the area of Banco de Arena, a situation that indicates a high amount of sodium in the irrigation water which can cause the soils to reach a dangerous level of sodium and for a sustainable agriculture requires washing and a very good drainage.

Palavras-chave : irrigation; precipitation; saturation index; sodicity and sodium adsorption ratio RAS.

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