Resumo

HEREDIA MOYANO, Sandra Fabiola; GAVILANES MONTOYA, Alex  e  HEREDIA MOYANO, María Fernanda. Purification of water contaminated with hydrocarbons in the Rumiyacu River, using artificial wetlands in the province of Francisco de Orellana. Perfiles [online]. 2020, vol.1, n.24, pp.84-93. ISSN 2477-9105.  https://doi.org/10.47187/perf.v1i24.90.

The construction of artificial wetlands for the water treatment from water bodies such as the “Rumiyacu” River, has the purpose of reducing organic and inorganic pollutants from lotic ecosystems through primary processes, such as sedimentation, enzymatic degradation, absorption and volatilization of compounds. For this, in this bioremediation process, plant species (grasses) of the area were used, such as: Echynochloa polystachya, Pennisetum purpureum, Panicum máximum, and Arvenses sp. The water flow (0.58 m3/s) was determined by the float method, and using composite sampling (aliquots) the wetlands were designed. The statistical test of analysis of variances was applied to determine the species with the highest removal of pollutants such as: nickel, iron, chemical oxygen demand, biochemical oxygen demand, total coliforms and total oil hydrocarbons. As a whole, the removal of contaminating loads represents 44.53%, depending on the different efficiencies of each species in each parameter. Therefore, the tributaries of the river should be monitored and environmentally evaluated.

Palavras-chave : Hydrocarbon pollution; Bioremediation; artificial wetlands; German grass (Echinochloa polystachya); elephant grass (Pennisetum purpureum); Chilean grass (Panicum maximum)..

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