Abstract

LLANES, Edilberto. Life cycle assessment as a tool for the evaluation of the environmental behavior of a process. Case of study electrical central of fuel oil 110 kv in the province of Granma - Cuba. RCTU [online]. 2017, vol.4, n.2, pp.37-45. ISSN 1390-7697.  https://doi.org/10.26423/rctu.v4i2.225.

The electricity generation process from fossil fuels its source of environmental pollution, being a current concern at developing countries. The objective of the present work was to evaluate the environmental impact of the distributed electricity generation in a 110-kV oil fuel power station using the Life Cycle Assessment method to determinate improvements in the process. The Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) was perform according to the requirements established in the NC ISO 14040: 2009, using Eco-indicator 99 with software Sima Pro 7.1. The environmental impacts were evaluate starting from an inventory analysis in each stage of the process, accounting the inputs and outputs of raw materials, energy and emissions to the air, water and soil; a flow diagram of the process was generated for the assessment. From the analysis of the flows, it was determined that the condemnatory parameters in the case of effluents, is only met for the pH and electrical conductivity, in the case of air emissions is violated with on the NO2 and SO2. The results, show that the stage with the greatest contribution is concentrated in the generation area, and the most aggressive products to the environment are the consumption of fuel oil (human health 80 %, ecosystem 53 % and natural resources 95 %) and the residual product of the cleaning of the exploitation materials (35 % in the case of the ecosystem).

Keywords : life cycle assessment (LCA); distributed generation of electricity; environmental impact.

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