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INSTRUCTIONS TO AUTHORS

 

General Information for Authors

Economía y Negocios is a journal of the UTE University that publishes results of scientific research in the field of economic and business sciences with a fixed biannual frequency in January and July. Authors can submit manuscripts for evaluation throughout the year since the call for submitting articles to the journal is open, although, for entry purposes, they will be considered received in the last month of each semester.

Economía y Negocios publishes scientific papers, both theoretical and empirical, that contribute to contrasting, extending, or building theories that advance the understanding of phenomena related to economic and business sciences. The perspectives covered include economics, strategic management, human talent, marketing and advertising, organizational behavior, quality, logistics and supply chain, accounting, finance, auditing, business economics, and international business. Scientific articles fitting the journal's theme are accepted for review. Documents can be submitted in English or Spanish and must contain material not published or submitted for publication in any other medium.

During the review process, the document cannot be simultaneously reviewed by another journal or medium. Articles must be submitted in Word format (.docx or .doc). The editorial team of the journal will acknowledge the receipt of the originals. To follow the document presentation guidelines of the journal, it is recommended to use the templates available for the cover and manuscript text in docx format presented earlier.

The editorial policies of the journal include the publication of topics related to economic sciences and business management in specific article types or sections:

Original Articles. This section includes the following categories:

  • Research Articles. This type of article presents detailed results from original research projects in various knowledge areas covered by the journal. They should be structured into four important parts: introduction, methodology, results, and conclusions. Additionally, they typically include a literature review, discussion, limitations, managerial applications, among others. These original research papers should have a minimum length of 4,000 words and should not exceed 10,000 words, including the title, abstracts, keywords, tables, figures, and references.
  • Review Articles. These articles provide a broad summary of research on a specific topic and an analysis of the current state and future prospects of the scientific field. They present research results from an analytical, interpretative, or critical perspective of the author on a specific subject, relying on original sources. A careful bibliographic review of at least 50 references is required.
  • Case Study Reports. These articles report on specific cases of interesting phenomena. This type of study is used in the field of economic and business sciences to inform about the application of theoretically proven methodologies in organizations from economic sectors and regions different from the original research. Contributions regarding new techniques, tools, and approaches to address new contextual situations are expected. Reflection or review articles and case study reports should have a minimum length of 3,000 words and should not exceed 6,000 words, including the title, abstracts, keywords, tables, figures, and references.
  • Research Notes. This type of article is a summary of research articles and should have a length between 1,500 and 3,000 words.

    • Reviews: This type of article results from an investigation that analyzes, systematizes, and integrates the results of published or unpublished research on a field in science and technology to account for advances and development trends. These reviews, which are informative texts, should not exceed 3,000 words, accompanied by an image of the cover of the book or publication being reviewed (.jpg, minimum 300 dpi).

    Editorial: This is an introductory article to the journal issue, where the editors present the structure of the current issue and the topics covered, whether it's a special or regular edition. It does not include an abstract and should be less than 1000 words. In special cases, editors may publish summaries of their own research in the format of "research notes" published in this section, serving as a guide for authors.

    News and Opinion Notes: This is an opinion article on current topics within the thematic areas aligned with the journal's focus. It includes an abstract of up to 100 words, and the manuscript in general should be less than 3000 words. In this type of article, it is not necessary to follow the traditional structure of other articles; only a summary, the sections the author decides for development, conclusions, and necessary references should be included.

    Academic Reports: This section is a space to disseminate the most relevant learning outcomes of undergraduate and postgraduate students generated from research projects, community engagement projects, and thesis works. They should have a length between 1,500 and 3,000 words, and the inclusion of a tutor's endorsement is necessary.

     

    Submission of Manuscripts

    Manuscripts must be submitted exclusively through our OJS 3 online submission system. All authors must register with their credentials on this platform, although only one will be the corresponding author. The papers should be in Arial 11 font, single-spaced, fully justified, and without tabs, with a single space between paragraphs. Only large blocks or sections are separated by two single spaces. The page should have margins of 2.54 cm on all sides, with Letter size paper. The file must be anonymized in File Properties so that the authors' identification does not appear. The publication guidelines are based on the APA seventh edition regulations.

     

    Structure of Manuscripts

    As part of the submission process, authors are required to ensure that they comply with all the elements outlined below. Submissions that do not meet these guidelines will be returned. Additionally, two files must be submitted independently in the same submission: the presentation and cover and the manuscript, following the detailed guidelines in the previous templates.

    Presentation and Cover

    This file, signed by the authors with all their complete information, requests the evaluation of the manuscript, along with a declaration of originality and authorship, authorship, where it is specified that:

  • The submission has not been previously published nor has it been submitted for consideration by any other journal, therefore, it is an original contribution.
  • Whenever possible, URLs are provided for references.
  • Confirmation of the authorship of the signatories.
  • Acceptance, if applicable, of formal changes to the manuscript in accordance with the guidelines.

    • This file will also include:

  • Title of the article, composed with the greatest number of meaningful terms possible. In Spanish on the first line and then in English (the order of language in the title, abstract, and keywords depends on the language in which the article is written). A maximum of two lines is accepted (maximum 100 characters with spaces). Titles are not solely the responsibility of the authors but also of the editors. Therefore, if they do not accurately capture the sense of the work, they may be modified.
  • Full names of each of the authors in order of precedence (the number must be justified by the subject, its complexity, and its length, with an average of four authors per area). In the case of more than four authors, it is prescriptive to substantiate the original contribution of the team, as this will be taken into account in the manuscript estimation.
  • Alongside the names, the professional affiliation, institution, email of each author, URL of their ORCID ID, and URL of the Google Scholar profile should follow. The academic signature (name) must be standardized according to international conventions to facilitate identification in the main databases. It is prescriptive to register with the International Registry of Researchers (ORCID) (http://orcid.org) and Google Scholar (https://scholar.google.com/).
  • Spanish abstract of up to 200 words, where the reason and objective of the research, the methodology used for the study, the most prominent results, and main conclusions are concisely described. It must be written impersonally: "This work analyzes..."
  • English abstract of up to 200 words. For its preparation, like the title and keywords, the quality of the linguistic level and style, which will be reviewed by our reviewers as part of the evaluation of the work, must be ensured.
  • Three to six keywords (in Spanish and English). The use of these descriptors and the UNESCO Thesaurus is recommended. Only in exceptional cases are new terms accepted. Terms must be in standardized scientific Spanish and English.

    • Manuscript Body

    Manuscripts must strictly adhere to the following structure. In some types of articles, such as reviews, case studies, research notes, and reviews, flexibility may be allowed. The inclusion of References is mandatory in all works. These sections are not numbered, should be in title case, and not underlined. A maximum of three levels will be used.

  • Introduction: Should include the foundations and purpose of the study, emphasizing the relevance of the theoretical and practical object, using bibliographic citations. The article's structure can be outlined if deemed pertinent.
  • Literature Review: A review of the most significant theoretical and methodological framework at the national and international levels should be conducted. In some types of articles, such as case studies, this content could be combined with the introduction.
  • Materials and Methods: Will be presented with the precision necessary for the reader to understand and confirm the research's development. If applicable, the sample and sampling strategies will be described, and reference will be made to the type of statistical analysis used. If it is an original methodology, it is necessary to explain the reasons for its use and describe its possible limitations.
  • Analysis and Results: Attempts will be made to highlight the most important observations, describing, without value judgments, the material and methods used, as well as the most relevant results of the research. Results will be presented in figures and/or tables according to the journal's standards (see other annotations). They will appear in a logical sequence in the text, and only essential tables or figures will be included, avoiding data redundancy.
  • Discussion and Conclusions: Will summarize the findings, relating the observations to other relevant studies, indicating contributions and limitations, without repeating data already discussed in other sections. Inferences from the findings and their limitations must be mentioned, including deductions for future research, and conclusions should be linked to the study's objectives, avoiding gratuitous statements and conclusions not fully supported by the data.
  • Acknowledgments: All contributors who do not meet authorship criteria should be included in an Acknowledgments section. Examples of individuals who could be acknowledged include those who provided purely technical assistance or a department head who provided only general support. Provide any personal acknowledgments separately from the main text to facilitate anonymous peer review. Additionally, individuals who provided writing assistance, parts of a communication company, do not qualify as authors and must be included in the Acknowledgments section. Authors should disclose any writing assistance, including the name of the person, the company, and the level of contribution, and identify the entity that paid for this assistance. There is no need to disclose the use of language polishing services.
  • Funding: Economy and Business requires all authors to acknowledge their funding consistently under a separate heading. The funding agency should be written out in full, followed by the grant number in brackets. Multiple grant numbers should be separated by a comma and space. When research was supported by more than one agency, different agencies should be separated by a semicolon, with 'and' before the final funder. In some cases, research is not funded by a specific project grant but rather by the block grant and other resources available to a university, faculty, or other research institution. When specific funding for the research has not been provided, corresponding authors are requested to include the following sentence: "This research did not receive specific funding from any funding agency in the public, commercial, or nonprofit sectors."
  • Declaration of Conflict of Interest: Economy and Business encourages authors to include a statement of any conflicts of interest at the end of their manuscript, after acknowledgments and before references. We recommend reviewing our guidelines for best practices. If there is no conflict, state that "The author(s) declare(s) no potential conflicts of interest with respect to the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article."
  • Statement of Ethical Approval or Informed Consent: Authors should draft a statement regarding the ethical approval of the use of data used in the research. An example could be: "All information extracted from the study will be coded to protect the name of each subject. No names or other identifying information will be used when discussing or reporting data. All subjects gave their informed consent for inclusion before participating in the study. The researchers will securely maintain all files and data collected in a locked cabinet in the office of the lead investigators."
  • Authorship and Author Contributions: All parties that have made a substantial contribution to the article must be listed as authors. The main authorship, order of authorship, and other publication credits must be based on the scientific or professional contributions of the individuals involved, regardless of their status. A student typically appears as the lead author in any multi-authored publication that substantially derives from the student's dissertation or thesis. Authorship roles will be identified in the following order, including each author in the role that corresponds to them and omitting roles that do not apply in each case: Conceptualization, Data Curation, Formal Analysis, Funding Acquisition, Investigation, Methodology, Project Administration, Resources, Software, Supervision, Validation, Visualization, Writing – Original Draft, and Writing – Review and Editing.
  • References: Bibliographic citations should be referenced in the form of in-text citations. Bibliography not cited in the text should not be included. The number of citations should be between 20 and 60, sufficient and necessary to contextualize the theoretical framework, the methodology used, and the research results in an international research space. They will be presented alphabetically by the author's last name (adding the second only if the first is very common, and hyphenated). Citations should be drawn from original documents –preferably journals and to a lesser extent books– always indicating the initial and final page of the work they come from, except for complete works.

    • Given the significance for citation indices and impact factor calculations, the correct citation according to APA 7.0 will be valued, with emphasis on having references not only from national but also from prestigious international journals. It is mandatory that all citations with a DOI (Digital Object Identifier System) be reflected in the References (they can be obtained at https://search.crossref.org/). All journals and books without a DOI should appear with their link (in their online version, if available, shortened). All web addresses presented must be shortened in the manuscript using https://bitly.com, except for DOIs, which should be in the indicated format. Authors can download the UTE Editor's Style Manual to review the general publication policies of all our scientific journals

     

    Specific Guidelines for Article Submission

  • Only unpublished works with original contributions will be considered for publication. The submission of articles with published results is not acceptable.
  • The article submitted to the journal cannot be under evaluation elsewhere.
  • Authors must be professionals, teachers, and researchers with a minimum degree and expertise in the subject.
  • The content of the articles is the responsibility of the authors, and the editorial policy is open and democratic.
  • The article title must be concise, correspond to the content, and specifically indicate the topic or subject studied.
  • Any clarification about the work (nature, acknowledgments, collaborators, etc.) will be indicated on a presentation page that includes the abstract, keywords, and author information.
  • Originals must be submitted through our online submission system. All articles must include an abstract and keywords (minimum of three) in both Spanish and English. Likewise, graphics, tables, images, and other elements must be included in the body of the text in an editable format or attached in the original programs in which they were created.
  • Las reseñas, que son textos de carácter divulgativo, no deben superar las 3000 palabras y deben entregarse también en formato .doc o .docx, acompañadas de una imagen de la carátula del libro o de la publicación que se está reseñando (jpg, de mínimo 300 dpi).
  • At the time of submitting an article, each author must provide their complete information and declare that the submitted article is unpublished and not under evaluation by another journal.
  • Bibliographic references will follow the citation and style guidelines of the American Psychological Association (APA), seventh edition.
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    Evaluation Process

  • The journal may reject the publication of an article if, by internal decision, it is determined that it does not meet certain academic or editorial standards or if it does not fit within the thematic focus.
  • Articles will be evaluated taking into consideration the following criteria: academic quality or level, originality, contribution to knowledge and teaching, clarity in presentation, clarity of writing and literature, and relevance and timeliness of the topic.
  • The reviewer will provide their feedback using the format suggested through the online review system provided by OJS. The journal has previously reviewed the profiles of the reviewers to ensure that they have sufficient academic background to carry out their work independently.
  • The journal's evaluation process will be conducted under the conditions of blind peer review. The journal reserves all data of authors and reviewers; details and results of the process will only be disclosed to those directly involved (authors, reviewers, and editors). Authors should avoid excessive self-citation or any data in the body of the text that provides clues about their identity or the authorial group.
  • The evaluation time may take an average of two (2) months, between the call for reviewers, their acceptance, and the article submission. However, this period may be shorter or longer, depending on the availability of reviewers and other factors that may delay or accelerate the process. The journal will only send authors an official communication about their article once a decisive result on complete acceptance, conditional acceptance (with minor changes), or rejection (with modifications implying a substantial reconsideration of the proposal) is reached. Similarly, it will inform when the article does not fit within the editorial line of the journal.
  • If the peer review report suggests minor modifications, authors must adhere to a timeline not exceeding two (2) weeks to make the requested changes. If an article receives feedback implying substantial modifications and is considered acceptable for a new round of evaluations, authors must submit their adjustments within a period not exceeding four (4) weeks. In both cases, an accompanying report detailing the changes made to the proposal must be provided.
  • However, although the journal is willing to receive revised articles, authors are asked not to resubmit a corrected version of a rejected article before a period ranging from three (3) to six (6) months. The editor will inform authors of the waiting time if they express interest in resubmitting their article. The definitive rejection of an article will occur when it does not correspond to the editorial line or theme of the journal, or when the Editorial Board expresses it.
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